摘要
青年人才是科技创新的重要力量,也是知识生产参与者和多元协同发展的引领者。选取北京市3个典型案例,构建知识生产—多元互动分析框架,以阐释青年人才推动科技创新的行动逻辑。通过区分科技创新中知识生产的多维效应和多元主体互动模式,提炼出3种路径:①企业—政府互动,以知识生产的规模效应促进产品创新;②企业—专家互动,以知识生产的溢出效应促进技术创新;③企业—资本互动,以知识生产的竞争效应促进商业创新。在此基础上,提炼出青年人才推进科技创新的典型运作机制,分别是风险规避、压力调适、理性学习以及协商对话。研究可为理解科技创新提供新的理论视角,对支持青年人才脱颖而出具有重要意义。
Young talents play an increasingly pivotal role in driving technological innovation;thus,how to promote technological innovation led by young talents has become a critical issue in modernization construction with Chinese characteristics.Reviewing the developmental and training journey of China's young talents,the study confirms that the focus has shifted from a mere quantitative increase and single-index evaluation based on research outcomes to talent cultivation oriented by industrial demand,reflecting the continuous evolution of talent development objectives.Similarly,emerging technologies are characterized by multi-modality,large models,and big data.A governance mechanism for technological innovation is gradually taking shape.The importance of knowledge production and diverse interactions among young talents is becoming more evident,offering a fresh perspective and impetus for technological innovation.These young talents,characterized by their flexibility and adaptability,possess keen insight into new technological trends.Their willingness to try new approaches and adopt new technologies,coupled with an open and exploratory attitude,greatly aids innovation.Yet,most existing research focuses on inter-governmental relationships,resource restructuring,and structural transition in technological innovation,overlooking the proactive nature and innovative drive of young talents.To this end,in line with the characteristics of young technological talents in China during this new era,this article delves into the successful experiences of technological innovation.It aims to extract the operational logic embedded therein to offer theoretical support for innovative practices.The study constructs an analytical framework centered on"knowledge production-diverse interaction"from both procedural and subjective perspectives.It further examines various paths of innovation through multiple typical cases in Beijing.The choice of Beijing for multiple case studies has several reasons.Firstly,all cases stem from technological innovations started by young talents who are alumni of top domestic universities,and Beijing is endeavoring to become a hub for elite talents and a global tech innovation center.Secondly,by comparing cases from the same region and field(technology),external variable interferences are minimized.This comparison aims to discern the differences between various models,deepening the typological understanding of knowledge production and diverse interactions.Lastly,the three selected cases each correspond to distinct interaction models.These models cover interactions between enterprises and government,experts and capital,and emphasize the scale,spillover,and competitive effects of knowledge production.In the initial stages of technological innovation,although all three cases were confronted with challenges and real-world constraints,the young talents facilitated knowledge production and interactions,making these cases highly representative and prompting further contemplation on the research question.The results indicate that,firstly,through business-government interaction,scale effects in knowledge production are manifested.This interaction not only enhances governmental support for and understanding of technological innovation but also overcomes the constraints posed by decision-making"black boxes".It further improves the reliability and safety of innovative products.Moreover,the resources and policy support from the government actively encourage the greater participation of young talents in technological innovation.Secondly,the business-expert interaction brings forth the spillover effects of knowledge production,addressing challenges from the system's high complexity and barriers to sustained innovation.This interaction infuses knowledge production with fresh vigor and can foster new ways of thinking,constituting an effective way for technological innovation.Thirdly,the business-capital interaction promotes competitive effects in knowledge production,assisting enterprises in establishing sustainable business models.The involvement of capital provides broader horizons for innovation,along with the necessary resources,thereby driving business innovation.Furthermore,this study centers on unveiling the intrinsic mechanisms through which young talents drive technological innovation.By integrating typical operational mechanisms,the study conducts a comprehensive analysis of the role of young talents throughout the innovation process.This analysis significantly bridges the existing theoretical gap in understanding the logic by which young talents propel technological innovation.As such,the study not only offers a fresh analytical perspective on the inherent patterns of technological innovation,but also serves as valuable reference for better cultivating young talents in both academic research and practical endeavors.
作者
邹昀瑾
Zou Yunjin(School of Public Policy and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《科技进步与对策》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第22期141-151,共11页
Science & Technology Progress and Policy
基金
北京市科学技术委员会、北京市科技战略决策咨询委员会项目(Z221100005922008,Z231100007323001)
清华大学文科建设“双高”计划项目(2021TSG08101)
清华大学自主科研项目(20205080071)。
关键词
青年人才
科技创新
知识生产
多元互动
多案例研究
Young Talents
Technological Innovation
Knowledge Production
Diverse Interaction
Multiple Case Studies
