摘要
目的本文根据2019—2021年欧盟食品和饲料类快速预警系统(RASFF)向公众通报我国输欧食品安全情况,分析欧盟在食品领域的关注点,总结我国食品质量安全存在的问题及应采取的措施。方法汇总2019—2021年欧盟RASFF对华通报情况,从通报类型、通报国家、产品类型、危害类型、通报类型与危害类型相关性分析等5个分析维度进行归类统计分析。结果2021年欧盟RASFF对华食品通报158例,占对华通报的50.16%。被通报占比较高的三类产品为:水果和蔬菜(29例)、鱼及其制品(16例)、草药和香料(16例);农药残留、食品添加剂及香精、工业污染物、霉菌毒素等四类危害类型占比较高。我国部分食品类别存在环氧乙烷超标问题,但我国有关食品中环氧乙烷和2-氯乙醇暴露情况的相关研究较少,目前尚未建立食品中检测方法及限量的国家标准。边境拒绝类型的通报中,农药残留(20例)、霉菌毒素(5例)、致病微生物(4例)等危害因素占比较高。结论本文总结欧盟RASFF通报我国输欧食品安全情况,以期减少类似情况发生,为我国市场监管部门和出口食品企业提供参考。
Objective This paper analyzes the key concerns of the European union(EU)in the field of food and summarizes the problems of food quality and safety in China and the measures to be taken based on the EU Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed(RASFF)notifications to the public on food safety in China from 2019 to 2021.Methods Summarizing the situation of the EU RASFF notification to China in 2019—2021,Classification statistical analysis was carried out from five analysis dimensions,including notification type,notification country,product type,hazard type,notification type and hazard type correlation analysis.Results In 2021,the EU RASFF notified 158 cases of food to China,accounting for 50.16%of notifications to China.The three types of products notified accounted for a higher percentage:fruits and vegetables(29 cases),fish and its products(16 cases),herbs and spices(16 cases).Four types of hazards,such as pesticide residues,food additives and flavorings,industrial pollutants,and mycotoxins,accounted for a relatively high proportion.The problem of ethylene oxide exceeding the standard exists in some food categories in China,but China’s relevant studies on the exposure of ethylene oxide and 2-chloroethanol in food were less,and the national standards for detection methods and limits in food had not yet been established.Among the border rejection types of notification,pesticide residues(20 cases),mycotoxins(5 cases),pathogenic microorganisms(4 cases)and other hazard factors accounted for a relatively high percentage.Conclusion This paper summarizes the EU RASFF notification of China’s food safety situation exported to Europe,in order to reduce the occurrence of similar situations,and provide reference for China’s market supervision departments and export food enterprises.
作者
李晓明
郝莉花
乔青青
韩世鹤
仝莹莹
李珍珠
LI Xiaoming;HAO Lihua;QIAO Qingqing;HAN Shihe;TONG Yingying;LI Zhenzhu(He’nan Institute of Product Quality Inspection Technology,He’nan Zhengzhou 450047,China;He’nan Key Laboratory of Data Intelligence on Food Safety,He’nan Zhengzhou 450047,China;Food Safety Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point Applied Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,Beijing 100176,China)
出处
《中国食品卫生杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期896-902,共7页
Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene
基金
市场监管总局科技计划项目(2022MK081)
河南省市场监督管理局科技计划项目(2020sj19)
中国检验检疫科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2020JK013)
河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)项目(202102310295)。
