摘要
回顾了近几年关于纳滤膜分离镁锂的研究报道,主要从纳滤膜理化特征、离子电性及水合特性入手,阐述了复合纳滤膜在盐湖提锂中的主要机制.以界面聚合法为基础,梳理了近年来水相单体设计、油相单体设计、聚酰胺层表面接枝、反向界面聚合、引入中间层以及支撑层改性等方法制备的复合纳滤膜分离镁锂的研究,阐述了层层自组、涂覆交联法在优化纳滤膜性能中的特点.最后,从膜的调控方法、实际环境的应用、工业上的开发等方面对NF膜分离镁锂做出了总结和展望,以期为纳滤提锂等领域研究提供理论支持和实践指南.
This paper reviews recent studies on the separation of magnesium and lithium using nanofiltration membranes,with a primary focus on their physicochemical characteristics,ionic conductivity,and hydration features.It explains the main mechanisms of composite nanofiltration membranes in lithium extraction from salt lakes.Building upon the concept of interfacial polymerization,this review presents recent research on the separation of magnesium and lithium using composite nanofiltration membranes.These membranes are prepared through various methods such as aqueous monomer design,organic monomer design,surface grafting of the polyamide layer,reverse interfacial polymerization,the introduction of intermediate layers,and the modification of support layers.The characteristics of layer-by-layer self-assembly and coating cross-linking in optimizing nanofiltration membrane performance are elucidated.Finally,this paper provides a summary and future outlook for the separation of magnesium and lithium using nanofiltration membranes,from the perspectives of membrane modification methods,practical environmental applications,and industrial development.The aim is to offer theoretical support and practical guidelines for research fields such as lithium extraction through nanofiltration.
作者
王武斌
王锦
窦蒙蒙
张清云
王晓月
霍凯利
韩超
WANG Wu-bin;WANG Jin;DOU Meng-meng;ZHANG Qing-yun;WANG Xiao-yue;HUO Kai-li;HAN Chao(Beijing Key Laboratory of Typical Pollutant Control and Water Quality Assurance,School of Civil Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)
出处
《中国环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第8期3983-3993,共11页
China Environmental Science
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52170065)。
关键词
回收锂
纳滤分离
界面聚合
选择渗透
改性膜
lithium recovery
nanofiltration separation
interfacial polymerization
selective permeation
modified membrane
