摘要
据对西藏盐湖锂资源的调查研究结果,将碳酸盐型富锂盐湖划分为扎布耶型(又称高锂低镁型)和班戈湖型 (又称低锂高镁型 )。扎布耶型盐湖卤水Mg/Li比值约为 0,兑卤方式所制卤水在温棚结晶池的混盐中Li2CO3 含量达 56. 43%,比露天式的高出 12倍 ~18倍,据此总结出由碳酸盐型富锂卤水制取富锂混盐的盐田工艺结晶路线为“不蒸发而升温”。在盐田中实现低成本选矿即“盐田工艺—选矿一体化”是可行的,并可在结晶池中加入Li2CO3 粉末促使卤水中Li2CO3 尽快沉淀,以提高结晶效率。班戈湖型Mg/Li比为 1. 28,该类型卤水制取富锂混盐的工艺路线是由卤水制成盐,再进行第二阶段制卤,然后参考扎布耶型卤水制卤路线制取富锂混盐。盐田修建方法为粘土、沙、盐三种物料尽量弄碎并混合均匀、压实,含盐量最高可达 40%。针对西藏高原盐湖区缺乏燃料能源的不足,提出了“多重加热”的利用太阳能的原理,可用温棚结晶池+太阳能热水器方式。在冬季气温和地温均较低的条件下,太阳池卤水水温一直处于 20℃~24℃,比气温高出 7℃~22. 8℃,表明其有较好的贮热和保温效果,故亦可采用“温棚结晶池 +太阳池方式”加热卤水。最后给出了西藏碳酸盐型盐湖卤水锂盐提取盐田工艺路线图解。
On the basis of results of investigating and study on Lithium resources of Tibetan salt takes,the carbonate-type salt lake with higher content of lithium is divided into Zhabuye-type (or called higher lithium and lower magnesium type) and Bangkok Co-type (or called lower lithium and higher magnesium type). The ratio of Mg/Li of Zhabuye-type is about 0. Li_2CO_3 of mixed salt of green house crystal pond is 56.43%,which is 12~18 times than that of open-air crystal pond. So the technological route of making Li-rich mixed salt,from Li-rich brine of Zhabuye type salt lake is “no evaporation but raising temperature”. It is feasible that salt pan technologies and mineral separation are merged into an organic whole in salt pan,which makes the cost of mineral separation reduced. It is able to make Li^+ of brine precipitate quickly by adding Li_2CO_3 powder. The ratio of Mg/Li of Bangkok Co type is 1.28. The technological route of making Li-rich mixed salt can be divided into three stages:making salt from brine and then the second stage of making brine,after that refer to Zhabuye type’s. The method of building salt pan is that mud,sand and salt are pounded into pieces and mixed and pressed well. In which the content of salt may reach 40%. According to the shortage of fuels on the Tibet plateau,the theory of “multi-source heating” of using solar energy is provided. The green house crystal pond and solar energy heater may be used for heating Li-rich brine. Under the conditions that air and brine temperature are lower,the brine temperature of solar pond is about 20℃~24℃,which is higher 7℃~22℃ than air temperature. That shows the solar pond has good result of storing heat. Therefore,the green house crystal pond and solar pond may be used for heating brine. At last,the map of Lithium salt extracting from carbonate-type saline lake of Tibet is given.
出处
《海湖盐与化工》
北大核心
2005年第2期1-6,9,共7页
Sea-Lake Salt and Chemical Industry
基金
地质调查项目<西藏高原盐湖资源潜力评价及锂硼铯元素提取技术探索研究>(DKD2002001)
国家计委攻关项目<西藏扎布耶盐湖锂
硼
钾综合开发扩大试验>(96-120-64)资助
关键词
结晶
碳酸盐型
盐湖卤水
制取
工艺路线
成盐
兑卤
制卤
盐田
混合均匀
Zhabuye type saline lake
multi source heating
green house crystal pond
solar pond
technology of salt pan
