摘要
语言景观作为公共空间的普遍语言实践,能为社会变迁提供重要的历史物证。对外交流引起语言的变异发展,语言的发展又推动着对外交往的发展变化。本文通过对海上丝绸之路相关史料的钩沉,以广州海关港口、宗教文化交往的遗迹遗存和广州外销画中的语言景观为线索,分析海上丝绸之路带来的语言共变现象。结果表明:语言景观变化与社会语境高度耦合。南海神庙、粤海关等遗址的语言景观经历了建筑命名、设置主体、语码选择等变化,特别是对外交往的语言在近代曾由汉语为主体短暂转换为汉英双语,反映出不同历史时期广州的海上贸易发展以及海事政策变迁对语言的影响。光孝寺、怀圣寺、石室圣心大教堂、巴斯墓地等宗教商贸交流遗迹的语言景观多语现象明显,其语言选择与异域宗教文化传入中国密切相关,体现了海上丝绸之路对民间话语景观的影响。广州外销画的语言景观则反映了十三行时期广州对外传播的双语化和英语本土化特征,在中国形象的海外传播上发挥了积极的建构作用。本研究为广州作为海上丝绸之路中外交流枢纽提供了语言学方面的佐证,有助于深化理解语言与社会的互构、互证关系。
Linguistic landscape,as a universal linguistic practice in public space,can serve as a significant historical record of social changes.Foreign communication leads to the variation and development of language,which in turn promotes the development and change of foreign communication.This paper examines the co-variation between language and society in different periods of the Maritime Silk Road by tracing the relevant historical materials,and linguistic landscape sourced from the remains of customs,ports,religious interactions in Guangzhou,and Cantonese export paintings.The findings reveal that changes in the linguistic landscape are highly correlated to social contexts.The linguistic landscapes of customs and ports remains including the South Sea God Temple and the Canton Customs,representative of the official discourse,have undergone changes in architectural naming,sign writers,and code selection.Specifically,the language of foreign communication was once briefly changed from Chinese to Chinese-English bilingualism in modern times,which mirrors the development of overseas trade and the evolution of maritime policies in different historical periods.Multilingualism prevails in the Guangxiao Temple,the Huaisheng Temple,the Sacred Heart Cathedral,and Parsee Cemetery,where language choices largely coincide with the introduction of exotic religious cultures to China,reflecting the impact of the Maritime Silk Road on the non-official discourse.Additionally,the linguistic landscape collected from Cantonese export paintings,displays both bilingualism and English localization in the external communication of the Thirteen Hongs,which played a positive and constructive role in the overseas dissemination of China’s image.This study provides linguistic evidence for the role of Guangzhou as a hub for Chinese and foreign exchanges along the Maritime Silk Road,and may deepen the understanding of the co-variation between language and society.
出处
《城市观察》
2023年第3期123-136,163,164,共16页
Urban Insight
基金
国家社科基金重大研究专项项目(22VHQ003)、国家语委一般课题“全球化进程中城市亚社区语言景观研究”(YB135-112)阶段性成果。
关键词
语言景观
海上丝绸之路
广州十三行
语言共变
linguistic landscape
Maritime Silk Road
the Thirteen Hongs
co-variation of languages
