摘要
目的 分析云南省农村白族老年人抑郁现状及与社会支持的关系。方法 于2021年采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取云南大理市农村1 418名≥60岁白族老年人进行问卷调查,采用老年抑郁量表和社会支持评定量表测量其抑郁情况和社会支持水平。结果 云南农村白族老年人抑郁的发生率为8.39%,其中女性(χ^(2)=18.049)、文盲者(χ^(2)=18.764)、自评健康状况差者(χ^(2)=141.264)、独居者(χ^(2)=14.425)和有孤独感者(χ^(2)=147.950)的抑郁发生率较高(均P<0.001)。调查对象的社会支持总分为(42.61±5.78)分,其中客观支持、主观支持和对支持的利用度得分分别为(10.28±1.98)分、(23.72±3.65)分和(8.61±2.23)分;男性、已婚者、非农民、与他人同住者、自评健康状况好者和不孤独者的客观支持、主观支持得分和社会支持总分较高,小学及以上者客观支持得分和社会支持总分较高,而女性、人均年收入高者对支持的利用度得分较高(均P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归模型显示,社会支持总分越低者其患抑郁的风险越高(OR=0.939,P<0.001)。结论 社会支持水平与云南农村白族老年人抑郁的发生呈负相关,应采取有针对性措施提高其社会支持水平,降低抑郁的发生。
Objective To analyze the prevalence of depression and itsrelationship with social support among the Bai ethnic minority elderly in rural Yunnan Province. Methods A total of 1418 individuals aged 60 years and over in 2021 in rural areas of Dali City were selected by multi-stage stratified random sampling method. Each participant received a questionnaire survey.The Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS-30) and the Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS) wereused to measure the levels of depression and social support. Results Among the elderly surveyed, the overall prevalence of depression was8.39%;females(χ^(2)=18.049), illiterate people(χ^(2)=18.764), those having poor self-rated health status(χ^(2)=141.264), those living alone(χ^(2)=14.425), andthose with feelings ofloneliness(χ^(2)=147.950) had higher prevalence ofdepression than their counterparts(all P<0.001).The total social support score was(42.61±5.78), and the scores of objective support, subjective support and the utilization of support were(10.28±1.98),(23.72±3.65),and(8.61±2.23), respectively. Males, the married, non-farmers, those living with others, those having good self-rated health status, and thosewithout feelings oflonelinesshad higher scores ofobjective support, subjective support and social support than their counterparts, and those with primary school education and above had higher scores of objective support and social support, whereas females and those with high annualhousehold income had higher scores of utilization degree of support than their counterparts(all P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression showedthat those with lower total social support scoreswere more likely to be depressive(OR=0.939, P<0.001).Conclusions The level of social support is negatively associated with the prevalence of depression among the Bai ethnic minority elderlyin rural Yunnan Province, and targeted measures should be taken to improve their level of social support, so as to reduce the occurrence of depression.
作者
陈碧瑶
莫怡
陈丽娟
张子婕
王富岭
蔡乐
CHEN Biyao;MO Yi;CHEN Lijuan;ZHANG Zijie;WANG Fuling;CAI Le(School of Public Health,Kunming Medical University,Kunming,Yunnan 650500,China;School of Basic Medicine,Kunming Medical University,Kunming,Yunnan 650500,China)
出处
《中国农村卫生事业管理》
2023年第2期141-146,共6页
Chinese Rural Health Service Administration
基金
国家自然科学基金(72064026)
云南省创新团队培育计划(202005AE160002)
昆明医科大学大学生创新性实验项目(2021JXD135)。
关键词
老年人
抑郁
社会支持
农村
白族
Elderly
Depression
Social support
Rural area
Bai ethnic minority
