摘要
当前,铁路跨境运输优势逐步显现,跨境多式联运、新型贸易业态运输均处于快速发展阶段,但增速低于同期经贸恢复情况,基础设施现状和跨境运输风险均对铁路跨境运输的数字化转型提出迫切需求。但是,铁路主要国际组织不仅数据标准成果不多,组织架构层面也对数字化准备不足,跨境贸易、商业运营、法律政策合规方面的数据模型仍处于探索早期,亟需通过技术、运营、法律3个层面的数字化标准合作,满足铁路自身以及跨多种运输方式的合作需求,并确保监管合规。研究提出以海关数据模型为主线的铁路跨境数字化框架,面向各国铁路跨境参与方并且支持多种运输方式。通过对法英铁路跨境运输和“关铁通”项目的分析,验证相关方案的有效性。研究可以为铁路数字化转型和跨境数据合作提供一定参考。
At present, cross-border railway transportation is gradually displaying its advantage, and cross-border multimodal transportation and new trade transportation are rapidly developing, but their growth rate is lower than the economic and trade recovery in the same period. Furthermore, the current situation of infrastructure and risks in cross-border transportation put urgent needs for the digital transformation of cross-border railway transportation. Major international railway organizations, however, have made little progress in terms of data standards and digital architecture, and data models for cross-border trade, business operations, and legal policy compliance are still being explored. In order to meet the requirements for cooperation set forth by the railway itself and other transportation modes and ensure regulatory compliance, it is vital to work together with digital standards in terms of technology, operation, and law. In this paper, a digital cross-border railway framework was proposed based on the customs data model, which was open to cross-border railway participants from different countries and supported multiple modes of transportation. Through the analysis of the railway transportation between French and the United Kingdom and the C-TOP initiative, the effectiveness of the relevant schemes is verified. This study can provide a reference for digital railway transformation and cross-border data cooperation.
作者
王翔
金晶
WANG Xiang;JIN Jing(Technology Management Department&CIO Office,The National Information Center,General Administration of Customs,Beijing 100005,China;Laboratory of International Trade IT Standards,General Administration of Customs,Beijing 100005,China;Transportation&Economics Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《铁道运输与经济》
北大核心
2023年第3期1-9,共9页
Railway Transport and Economy
基金
海关总署科研项目(2019HK018,2020HK281,2020HK300)。
关键词
铁路跨境运输
国际组织
数据模型
互联互通
多式联运
Cross-Border Railway Transportation
International Organization
Data Model
Interconnection
Intermodal Transport
