摘要
文章以旅游收入和旅游人数作为衡量地区旅游业发展的指标,从“东西”和“南北”两个视角,采用Dagum基尼系数对中国大陆31个省份2000—2019年的旅游发展差距进行了测算和地区分解,使用QAP方法对地区旅游发展差异的影响因素进行实证分析。研究结果显示:中国地区旅游发展差距总体呈缩小趋势,旅游收入的地区差距比旅游人数大。地区间差距是“东中西”地区旅游发展差距的主要来源,地区内差距是“南北”地区旅游发展差距的主要来源。东西部地区之间的差距大于南北方地区,但东西部地区之间的旅游发展差距下降速度快于南北方,表现为南北方地区之间的旅游发展差距逐渐赶超东西部地区。各地区旅游发展差距排名由大到小依次为西部地区、北方地区、南方地区、东部地区、中部地区。旅游发展差距的影响因素包括经济发展水平、旅游交通基础设施、旅游资源、产业结构、对外开放程度、客源市场等,各因素的边际效应存在时空异质性。全样本QAP回归结果显示,经济发展水平、公路密度和人口数量是影响地区旅游发展差异的主要因素,经济发展水平对地区差距的贡献在不断减小,公路密度和人口数量的贡献在不断上升。
Taking tourism revenue and number of tourists as indicators to measure the development of regional tourism,this paper uses Dagum Gini coefficient to calculate and decompose the tourism development gap of 31 provinces in Chinese mainland from 2000 to 2019 from the perspectives of the east-west and the north-south,and uses QAP method to empirically analyze the influencing factors of regional tourism development differences.The results show that the tourism development gap in China is generally narrowing,and the regional gap in tourism revenue is greater than the number of tourists. Inter-regional gap is the main source of the tourism development gap in the eastern,central and western regions,and intra-regional is the main source of the tourism development gap in the northern and southern regions. The gap among the eastern region, the central region and the western region is larger than that between the northern region and southern region, but the tourism development gap among the eastern region, the central region and the western region decreases faster than that between the northern region and southern region,which shows that the tourism development gap between the northern region and southern region gradually catches up with that among the eastern region, the central region and the western region. The ranking of tourism development gap among regions from large to small is the western region,the northern region,the southern region,the eastern region and the central region. The influencing factors of tourism development gap include the economic development level,the tourism transportation infrastructure,the tourism resources,the industrial structure, the opening-up degree, the tourist source market, etc. The marginal effects of each factor are spatiotemporal heterogeneity. The full sample QAP regression results show that the economic development level,the road density and the population are the main factors affecting regional tourism development differences. The contribution of economic development to regional disparities is decreasing, and the contribution of road density and population is increasing.
作者
马丽君
敖烨
MA Lijun;AO Ye(Business School,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,Hunan,China)
出处
《经济地理》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期206-216,共11页
Economic Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41871123)。
