摘要
基于国家“双碳”目标及能源转型的战略需求,火电机组参与电网调峰已趋于常态。为了大幅提升现有机组调峰能力,可将熔融盐储热系统与火电机组汽水流程进行正、逆循环耦合。详细梳理了耦合熔融盐储热的火电机组灵活调峰系统关键技术及其储热系统流程设计的研究进展。首先,围绕储热工质综述了现有常用熔融盐的制备配方、物化性质的研究现状,重点阐述了火电机组储热系统对于熔融盐的特性要求。其次,详细阐述了储热系统的关键设备部件,总结了单罐与双罐熔融盐储热系统及其辅机的原理、特性,从系统安全性、成本、技术成熟度、调峰响应速率等角度分析了前二者对火电机组储热调峰系统的适用性。其后,归纳了当前熔融盐换热器的研究现状,从多个角度重点分析了熔融盐-汽水管壳式换热器的研究成果与不足之处。随后,梳理了熔融盐储热系统的设计方案,对比总结了不同类型火电机组储热系统的设计特点,归纳了储热灵活调峰系统设计需要进一步开展的研究工作。最后,对熔融盐储热系统的设计及其实际应用进行了展望。
There is an increasing participation of thermal power units in peak shaving of power grid due to the national “double carbon” target and the strategic demand of energy transformation in China. The molten salt heat storage system can substantially improve the peak shaving capacity of thermal power system by absorbing or releasing heat efficiently from or into the thermal system. The key technologies of thermal power units coupled with molten salt heat storage system and the research progress of the heat storage system process flow design are combed in detail. Firstly, the formulas and physicochemical properties of commonly used molten salts are summarized. Great attention is paid to the characteristics and application prospects of the currently widely used binary and ternary nitric acid molten salts. Secondly, the critical equipment components including the thermal storage tank as well as heat exchangers used in the heat storage system are elaborated. The heat storage principle and characteristics of single-tank and double-tank molten salt heat storage methods are summarized, and the applicability of the former two methods to thermal power units’ heat storage and peak shaving system is analyzed from the perspectives of system safety, cost, technology maturity and peak shaving response speed. Then, the current research status of molten salt heat exchanger is summarized, and the research achievements and shortcomings of molten salt-steamwater tube shell heat exchanger are emphatically analyzed from multiple perspectives. Moreover, the design schemes of molten salt heat storage system are sorted out emphatically for the process of heat storage system. The different design features of thermal storage systems are compared. Furthermore, some of the future work on the design of flexible-peak-shaving thermal storage system is also figured out. Finally, the design and practical application of molten salt heat storage system are prospected.
作者
毛翠骥
余雄江
徐进良
谢剑
牛玉广
MAO Cuiji;YU Xiongjiang;XU Jinliang;XIE Jian;NIU Yuguang(Beijing Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer for Low Grade Energy Utilization,Beijing 102206,China;Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System,Beijing 102206,China;State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources,Beijing 102206,China)
出处
《热力发电》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期10-22,共13页
Thermal Power Generation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52130608)。
关键词
火电调峰
熔融盐
储热罐选型
熔融盐换热器
储热系统流程
flexible peak shaving in thermal power plant
molten salt
heat storage tank type selection
molten salt heat exchanger
heat storage system process
