摘要
基于沥青在熔融纺丝过程中的滴落行为和流变学理论,提出了一种新型高效的中间相炭微球(MCMB)制备方法—毛细管破裂法(DCB法)。本实验以中间相沥青为原料,采用DCB法考察了不同接收相(水或THF)对MCMB制备的影响规律,并系统研究了相应MCMB微观结构的演变规律。在此基础上,所制MCMB经750℃的KOH活化制备了A-MCMB,以及经2800℃的石墨化制备了G-MCMB,并分别探究了它们作为超级电容器(EDLC)和锂离子电池(LIB)电极材料的电化学性能。结果表明:采用DCB方法所制备的水接收相的MCMB-W和THF接收相的MCMBT均呈现尺寸约1~2μm的球形结构特征。此外,A-MCMB-T具有高比表面积1391 m^(2)g^(-1)、微孔体积0.55 cm^(3)g^(-1)和中孔体积0.24 cm^(3)g^(-1),作为EDLC的电极材料时,其比电容比MP衍生的炭材料提高了30%,且电容保持率也显著提升。同时,G-MCMB-T具有较高的石墨化度0.895和有序的层状结构,作为LIB的负极材料时,在100 mA g^(-1)下进行100次循环后,具有353.5 m Ah g^(-1)的高比容量。因此,本文提出并验证了一种新的MCMB制备方法,有望为储能材料的设计和开发提供了一种思路和途径。
An innovative and efficient method for preparation of mesocarbon microbeads(MCMBs)was developed based on the dripping behavior and rheological properties of molten pitch during melt-spinning,where a string of beads was formed after the pitch was extruded from spinnerets and dropped into a receiving solvent(tetrohydrofuran or water).The pitch droplets were first carbonized,then activated by KOH or graphitized at 2800℃to prepare A-MCMBs or G-MCMBs,respectively,and these were respectively used as the electrode materials for electric double layer capacitors(EDLCs)and lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Results showed that both MCMB-W prepared using water as the receiving solvent and MCMB-T prepared using tetrohydrofuran as the receiving solvent had a spherical shape with sizes of 1-2μm.A-MCMB-T had a high specific surface area(1391 m^(2)g^(-1)),micropore volume(0.55 cm^(3)g^(-1))and mesopore volume(0.24 cm^(3)g^(-1)),with a 30%higher specific capacitance than an activated mesophase carbon prepared under the same conditions,and its capacitance retention was significantly improved when it was used as an electrode material for EDLCs.G-MCMB-T had a high degree of graphitization(0.895)and when it was used as an electrode material for LIBs it had a high specific capacity of 353.5 m Ah g^(-1)after 100 cycles at 100 mA g^(-1).This work reports a new preparation method for MCMBs,which could be used to prepare energy storage materials.
作者
董斯琳
杨建校
常胜凯
石奎
刘越
邹嘉玲
李君
DONG Si-lin;YANG Jian-xiao;CHANG Sheng-kai;SHI Kui;LIU Yue;ZOU Jia-ling;LI Jun(Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied Technology,College of Materials Science and Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China)
出处
《新型炭材料（中英文）》
SCIE
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期173-189,共17页
New Carbon Materials
基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(5172094)
湖南省自然科学基金(2020JJ4203,2019JJ50651).
关键词
中间相沥青
中间相炭微球
毛细管破裂法
锂离子电池
超级电容器
Mesophase pitch
Mesocarbon microbeads
Delayed capillary breakup
Lithium-ion batteries
Electronic double layer capacitors
