摘要
为适应清洁能源供暖的集约化发展要求,分析了建筑供暖用热源配置中存在的问题,归纳界定了住宅房屋入住和空置的范畴,发现中国较大城市的住宅房屋空置率均超过20%以上;针对某经济水平普通的城镇住宅建筑,对其供热使用率和入住率进行统计研究,发现使用供热面积与供热户数计算供热使用率结论一致,不同类型建筑供热实际使用率存在较大差别;分析供热使用率在住宅建筑生命周期的前半阶段随使用年代变长而增加,且增幅减小,通过拟合预测前30年的增长变化发现前5年增长较快,之后增长放缓,10年后逐渐趋于稳定。据此,城镇住宅建筑的集中供热热源规划和设计时应考虑建筑入住率,宜按照建筑面积热负荷的70%~90%配比,推广利用智能化、信息化建筑节能技术以保证供热系统投资运行的经济性和节能性。
In order to meet the requirements of intensive development of clean energy heating,the problems existing in the matching of heat sources are analyzed for building heating,the scope of residential buildings occupancy and vacancy are summarized and defined.The paper found that the vacancy rate of residential buildings is more than 20%in China’s larger cities.Conducting statistical research on the heating utilization rate and occupancy rate of urban residential buildings with a certain economic level,the conclusion is consistent used the heating area and the number of heating households to calculate the heating utilization rate,and there are large differences in the actual heating utilization rates of different types of buildings.The analysis shows that the heating utilization rate increases with longer years of use in the first half stage of the life cycle of residential buildings,but the growth rate decreased.By fitting and forecasting the growth changes in the first 30 years,it is found that the growth rate was relatively fast in the first five years,then the growth slowed down,and gradually stabilized after 10 years.Accordingly,the occupancy rate of the building should be considered in the planning and design of the central heating source of urban residential buildings.And the ratio should be 70%to 90%in the heating load of the building area,promoting and utilizing intelligent,information-based building energy-saving technologies to improve the economic and energy-saving performance of heating systems for investment and operation.
作者
赵阳
王刚
荣雅静
ZHAO Yang;WANG Gang;RONG Ya-jing(Sinopec Star Henan New Energy Development Co.,LTD,Zhengzhou 450016,China;National Center for Geothermal Energy Research and Application Technology Promotion,Beijing 100083,China;China Association of Building Energy Efficiency,Beijing 100831,China)
出处
《建筑节能（中英文）》
CAS
2022年第12期16-21,共6页
Building Energy Efficiency
关键词
城镇
供暖
热源
入住率
配比
city and town
heating
heat source
occupancy rate
proportion
