摘要
目的 了解2000—2021年北京市西城区婚前医学检查(简称“婚检”)情况,为有效促进婚检工作提供科学依据。方法 收集2000—2021年北京市西城区《婚前医学检查年度报表》进行回顾性分析。结果 北京市西城区婚检率受政策影响较大,婚检率在2003年以后持续下降,2015年推行“一站式服务”后总体呈上升趋势,但仍不到强制婚检时期婚检率的10%。近十年疾病检出率为21.95%,高于2000—2010年(19.54%),疾病检出类型前三为内科系统疾病、生殖系统疾病、遗传系统疾病。2011—2021年婚检咨询率、两年内生育意愿整体呈上升趋势。高知及职业稳定人群参加婚检比例升高,30~35岁年龄组婚检人群占比升高。结论 婚检是优生优育的首道关卡,应坚持政府主导、多部门协作,针对性加强宣传教育,提升服务能力,提供个性化咨询,促使其主动参加婚检,从而切实提高婚检率,降低出生缺陷。
Objective So as to provide scientific basis for effective premarital care, the author analyzed the situation of premarital medical examination in Xicheng district of Beijing from 2000 to 2021. Methods A retrospective analysis of premarital medical examination reports in Xicheng district of Beijing from 2000 to 2021 was conducted. Results It’s found that recently the premarital examination rate was greatly affected by the policy. The rate had been declining after 2003 and showed an overall upward trend after the implementation of “one-stop service” policy in 2015. However, it was still less than 10% during the time when the premarital examination was mandatorily regulated. The disease detection rate in the past 10years was 21.95% which is higher than that in 2000 to 2010(19.54%). The top three types of disease detected by the premarital examination were medical system disease, reproductive system disease and genetic disease. From 2011 to 2021, the premarital check-up consultation rate and the willingness to give birth both showed an overall rise. Especially the proportion of attending premarital examination increased, which has been seen among couples with high knowledge and stable occupations,and the couples aged 30–35. Conclusion Premarital medical examination is the first gatekeeper for prenatal and postnatal care.We should adhere to the principle of government-led, multi-department cooperation, strengthen targeted publicity and education, improving service capacity, and providing personalized consultation. Only in this way, the effectively increase of the premarital examination rate and birth defects can be reduced.
作者
李娜
赵丽霞
LI Na;ZHAO Lixia(Beijing Xicheng District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Beijing 100054,China)
出处
《中国优生与遗传杂志》
2022年第11期2002-2007,共6页
Chinese Journal of Birth Health & Heredity
关键词
婚前医学检查
婚检率
疾病检出率
优生优育
premarital medical examination
premarital examination rate
disease detection rate
prenatal and postnatal care
