摘要
目的了解2020年10月—2021年3月天津市儿童医院流感样病例的流行病学特征以及病原谱特征,为儿童流感样病例的防控以及临床诊治提供依据。方法采集哨点医院520例流感样病例患者的咽拭子标本,通过实时荧光定量PCR法对样本进行30种呼吸道病原体核酸检测,用描述性流行病学方法对病例和病原学结果进行统计学分析。结果520例样本中,共检出16种呼吸道病原体,阳性样本239份,病原体检出率为45.96%。检出率前3位的病原体依次为呼吸道合胞病毒(9.62%,50/520)、鼻病毒(9.62%,50/520)、巨细胞病毒(5.96%,31/520)。不同性别间的病原体检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=3.919,P<0.05),男性中病原体检出率为49.67%(149/300),女性中病原体检出率为40.91%(90/220)。不同年龄组病原体检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.182,P<0.05),<2岁组最高(52.91%,91/172),>4岁组最低(38.10%,40/105)。不同月份病原体检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=15.358,P<0.05),12月(58.00%,58/100)、11月(52.50%,42/80)、1月(47.50%,38/80)检出率居于前3位。在阳性样本中,52例样本为混合感染,混合感染率为21.76%(52/239),其中鼻病毒合并其他病原体感染检出率最高(48.08%,25/52)。结论2020年10月—2021年3月天津市儿童医院流感样病例的主要病原体为呼吸道合胞病毒、鼻病毒、巨细胞病毒,混合感染率较高,易感人群为2岁以下儿童,不同月份病原体检出率不同。应加强对上述主要病原的监测及研究,为儿童呼吸道疾病的防控提供科学参考。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and pathogenic spectrum of influenza-like illnesses in Tianjin Children′s Hospital from October 2020 to March 2021,and to provide reference for the prevention,control and clinical diagnosis and treatment of influenza-like illnesses.Methods A total of 520 throat swabs samples were collected from patients with influenza-like illnesses in sentinel hospitals.Thirty respiratory tract pathogens were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.The results were statistically analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.Results Among the 520 samples,239 were positive for 16 respiratory pathogens with a positive rate of 45.96%.The top three pathogens were respiratory syncytial virus(9.62%,50/520),rhinovirus(9.62%,50/520)and cytomegalovirus(5.96%,31/520).The positive rate of respiratory pathogens was 49.67%in males and 40.91%in females and the difference between males and females was statistically significant(χ^(2)=3.919,P<0.05).There were significant differences in the positive rates among three age groups(χ^(2)=6.182,P<0.05)with the highest positive rate in the<2 years old group(52.91%,91/172)and the lowest rate in the>4 years old group(38.10%,40/105).There were significant differences in the positive rates detected in different months(χ^(2)=15.358,P<0.05)and the highest detection rate was in December(58.00%,58/100),followed by those in November(52.50%,42/80)and January(47.50%,38/80).The multiple infection rate was 21.76%(52/239)and most of the multiple infections were caused by rhinovirus and other pathogens(48.08%,25/52).Conclusions Respiratory syncytial virus,rhinovirus and cytomegalovirus were the predonimant pathogens responsible for influenza-like illnesses in Tianjin Children′s Hospital from October 2020 to March 2021.Multiple infections were common and children under 2 years old were more susceptible.The detection rate of respiratory pathogens varied in different months.It was necessary to strengthen the surveillance and research on those respiratory pathogens in order to provide scientific data for the prevention and control of respiratory diseases in children.
作者
刘晓曼
郭丽茹
孔梅
邹明
刘小畅
李晓燕
Liu Xiaoman;Guo Liru;Kong Mei;Zou Ming;Liu Xiaochang;Li Xiaoyan(School of Public Health,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300070,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology of Infectious Disease,Institute of Microbiology,Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 300011,China)
出处
《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第12期973-980,共8页
Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology
基金
天津市卫生健康委重点项目(TJWJ2022ZD010)
天津市科技局重点项目(20JCZDJC00130)
天津市医学重点学科(专科)建设项目。
关键词
呼吸道病原体
儿童
流行特征
病原谱
Respiratory pathogens
Children
Epidemic characteristics
Pathogenic spectrum
