摘要
针对国内丘陵山区油茶果收集装置适用性差、利用率低的问题,为方便油茶果机械采摘后的收集工作,设计了一种轻便式伞型油茶果收集装置。采用电动推杆实现收集装置机架高度可调,以适应不同油茶树最低高度;采用可伸缩伞杆实现伞杆直径可调,以适应不同油茶果树冠幅大小;通过舵机实现收集伞倾角可调,让掉落在收集伞布上的油茶果具有良好的流动性,从而快速汇集于收集筐内,完成油茶果收集。物理样机研制后,在江西省林业科学院油茶果种植基地开展了试验,结果表明:该轻便式伞型油茶果收集装置能实现高度调节、倾角调节及伞杆长度调节,满足了不同离地高度的油茶树冠、不同冠幅的油茶树果实收集。本研究可为后续油茶果采后收集装置的设计提供参考。
In view of the poor applicability and low utilization rate of Camellia oleifera fruit collection device in hilly and mountainous areas in China,a lightweight umbrella-type Camellia oleifera fruit collection device is designed in order to facilitate the collection of Camellia oleifera fruit after mechanical picking.The height of the collection device frame is adjustable by electric actuator to adapt to the minimum height of different Camellia oleifera trees;The retractable umbrella rod is used to realize the diameter of the umbrella rod to adapt to different canopy sizes of Camellia oleifera fruit trees;The inclination angle of the collecting umbrella is adjustable through the servo to meet the good fluidity of the Camellia oleifera fruit falling on the collection umbrella cloth,so as to quickly collect in the collection basket to complete the collection of Camellia oleifera fruit.After the development of the physical prototype,the test was carried out in the Camellia oleifera fruit planting base of Jiangxi Academy of Forestry,and the results showed that the lightweight umbrella-type Camellia oleifera fruit collection device could complete height adjustment,inclination adjustment and umbrella pole length adjustment,which met the collection of Camellia oleifera fruit with different crowns and crown widths at different altitudes.This study can provide a reference for the design of subsequent postharvest collection device for Camellia oleifera fruit.
作者
杨家林
康丽春
饶洪辉
涂恒铭
卢鑫磊
刘木华
Yang Jialin;Kang Lichun;Rao Honghui;Tu Hengming;Lu Xinlei;Liu Muhua(College of Engineering,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Jiangxi Nanchang 330045;Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment,Jiangxi Nanchang 330045)
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2202104)
江西省林业厅科技项目(YCYJZX20220202)
江西省研究生创新项目(YC2022-S388)。
关键词
油茶果
收集装置
轻便式
高度调节
倾角调节
Camellia oleifera fruit
collection device
portable
height adjustment
tilt adjustment
