摘要
新一轮科技革命和数字技术的广泛应用对政府治理产生了全方位影响。数字技术对政府治理具有明显的“数字赋能”效应,但同时也提出了数字行政如何融入行政法治框架的新命题。在数字行政的场景中,大数据与算法相结合而形成的“数字权力”与政府治理的“行政权力”相结合,催生出一种新的治理技术及模式,即“数治”。有别于“数目字化”的治理,数治是行政权力以数字技术为核心驱动,通过大规模、深度化、持续性地收集、挖掘、分析、应用数据以发现、界定和解决社会问题的一种治理技术。数治具有自我指涉及自我强化的特性,其赋能效应可能加剧行政权力与相对人权利关系结构的失衡。“数治”的广泛应用,对行政法治所遵循的规则之治、理由之治、程序正义、权利救济等价值和机制将带来挑战,相应地,行政法治系统需要进行转型升级。但这种转型升级并不意味着数治对行政法治原则和价值的颠覆,而是行政法治系统的技术调整和工具改进。回应数字政府和法治政府的深度融合、数字行政的法治约束等命题,一方面需要重申和坚持法治的价值系统,另一方面也需要依循协同演化逻辑,从数治的源头控制、过程控制、结果控制、社会控制等维度,改进行政法治控制技术,改善行政法治外部生态。
New scientific and technological revolution and the wide application of digital technology have had deep impact on all aspects of governmental practice.It also puts forward of the question on how to integrate digital administration into the framework of the rule of law.the combination of"digital power"formed by big data and algorithm and the"administrative power"leads to a new governing model dubbed as"digital governance."With digital technology as its foundation,"digital governance"discovers,defines,and solves social problems through large-scale continuous collection,analysis,and application of data.It is self-referential and self-strengthening,and may aggravate the imbalance between administrative power and individual rights,challenging the values and mechanisms of the rule-based,reason-giving procedural justice and judicial remedy,the major elements of administrative rule of law.For this reason,the administrative legal system needs to be reformed and upgraded to deal with the byproduct of technological revolution.This demands"digital governance"to adhere to the value of the rule of law and the administrative law system to improve itself to effectivelycontrol"digital governance."
作者
王锡锌
WANG Xixin(Law School,Peking University)
出处
《中国人民大学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第6期17-34,共18页
Journal of Renmin University of China
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“社会信用体系的法律保障机制研究”(21&ZD199)研究成果。
关键词
数治
法治
数字行政
数字政府
协同演化
Digital governance
The rule of law
Digital administration
Digital government
Coordinated evolution
