摘要
英国的“东南亚区域合作”政策于第二次世界大战末提出并于战后初期实施,该政策是在东盟建立前提出时间最早、实践延续性最强的域外大国“区域合作”倡议。战后初期,为应对东南亚粮食危机,英国建立驻东南亚特别专员署,以有限的多边经济合作开启了英国的东南亚区域政策实践。英国驻东南亚最高专员合并特别专员署后,把应对东南亚共产主义作为主要目标,在这一过程中,英国的“东南亚区域合作”政策进入转向期和过渡期。此后,英国这一政策呈现出经济与政治—安全领域分离的特征。“科伦坡计划”和东南亚防务组织分别是英国的东南亚区域经济合作与区域政治—安全合作的典型,前者由于被东南亚国家普遍接受而相对成功,后者则因与美国的区域安全地位竞争及印尼的抵制而失败。英国的“东南亚区域合作”政策并非现代意义上的区域合作,但在区域规范建构、组织经验积累等方面,该政策对东南亚内生区域合作及东盟的诞生产生了影响。
The“South-East Asian Regional Cooperation”policy proposed by Britain at the end of World War II and implemented after the war influenced the creation of modern Southeast Asian regional cooperation.This policy is the earliest and most continuous“r egional cooperation”initiative of extra-regional powers to arise before ASEAN.In the early post-war period,the Special Commissioner in South-East Asia,in response to the food crisis in Southeast Asia,initiated limited multilateral economic cooperation practices.With the British Commissioner-General in Southeast Asia merging with the Special Commissioner,the British“Southeast Asian Regional Cooperation”ushered in a transitional period.Since then,the practice of British Southeast Asian policy has separated the economic field from the political-security fields.While the Colombo Plan was a typical British South-east Asian regional economic cooperation,the Southeast Asian defense organization represented a typical British Southeast Asian regional political-security mechanism.The former was relatively successful thanks to the support from Southeast Asian countries,but the latter became a complete failure because of regional security competition from the United States and the boycott from Indonesia.The essence of“South-east Asian Regional Cooperation”is the British regional policy in Southeast Asia rather than regional cooperation in the modern sense.However,British policy practice has affected the creation of modern Southeast Asia and Southeast Asian regional cooperation in terms of actions and regional norms.
出处
《国际政治研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第5期130-160,8,共32页
The Journal of International Studies
基金
中国博士后科学基金第69批面上资助项目“多层区域视角下的GMS与LMC安全竞合关系研究”(资助编号:2021M691893)
2022年福建省社科基金青年项目“‘脱欧’后英国的东南亚安全政策研究”(项目编号:FJ2022C089)的阶段性成果
河南省高等学校哲学社会科学创新团队支持计划(项目编号:2020-CXTD-05)的资助。
