摘要
甲状腺癌发病率约占恶性肿瘤的1%,该病多见于女性,以青壮年为多见。临床将甲状腺癌分为4种病理类型,包括未分化癌、滤泡状癌、髓样癌、乳头状癌,其中乳头状癌比较常见,该类型恶性度较低,患者预后较好。多数患者癌症发生于一侧甲状腺腺叶,为单个肿瘤。目前,临床治疗甲状腺癌多采取手术治疗,取得了较好治疗效果。随着肿瘤每年发病率的上升,手术应用也越来越多。手术治疗甲状腺癌虽具有较好效果,但外科手术存在一定创伤,难免对患者造成一定创伤应激情况,为了降低患者手术应激反应,降低手术并发症发生率,改善患者预后,应重视患者围术期护理工作,给予患者围术期良好的护理对手术具有较为积极影响,值得重视。关于甲状腺癌手术患者围术期护理干预报道较多,分析发现患者围术期主要护理方法包括综合护理、舒适护理、快速康复护理、人性化护理、精细化护理、激励理论护理、多种护理方法联合护理等,本文就其护理方法进行综述,以期为甲状腺癌围术期的护理提供参考方案。
The incidence of thyroid cancer accounts for about 1% of malignant tumors,and the disease is more common in women,especially in young adults. Clinically,thyroid cancer is divided into four pathological types,including undifferentiated carcinoma,follicular carcinoma,medullary carcinoma and papillary carcinoma. Papillary carcinoma is more common,and the malignancy of this type is low and the prognosis of patients is good. In most patients,cancer occurs in one lobe of the thyroid gland and is a single tumor. At present,surgery treatment is mostly used in the clinical treatment of thyroid cancer. It has achieved good therapeutic effect. With the annual increase in the incidence of tumor,surgical application is also increasing. Although surgical treatment of thyroid cancer has a good effect,there is certain trauma in surgical operation,which inevitably causes certain traumatic stress reaction to patients. In order to reduce the surgical stress reaction reaction to patients and the incidence of surgical complications,improve the prognosis of patients,it should pay attention to perioperative nursing of patients. Giving good nursing during perioperative period has a positive influence on the operation,which deserves attention. There are many reports on perioperative nursing intervention for patients with thyroid cancer undergoing surgery. It is found that the main nursing methods for patients during perioperative period include comprehensive nursing,comfort nursing,rapid rehabilitation nursing,humanized nursing,refined nursing,incentive theory nursing,and multiple nursing methods. This review summarizes their nursing methods,in order to provide a reference plan for perioperative nursing of thyroid cancer.
作者
黄小栋
HUANG Xiao-dong(Department of General Surgery,Tianjin Jizhou District People's Hospital,Tianjin 301900,China)
出处
《中国城乡企业卫生》
2022年第10期22-24,共3页
Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene
关键词
甲状腺癌
腔镜手术
围手术期
护理
Thyroid cancer
Endoscopic surgery
Perioperative period
Nursing
