摘要
传统生物监测方法在物种监测尤其是生活习性具有时空变化的物种监测具有局限性,同时作为一种强介入性的手段将对个体生物、种群和栖息地环境造成不可逆的破坏性影响。环境DNA技术作为一种前沿分子生物学方法,通过PCR和基因测序进行物种定性或定量分析,使用非介入性采样方法,能对传统生物监测方法进行一定补充甚至在技术发展的前提下取代当前传统监测方法,在生物环境评估方面具有重大潜力。目前,环境DNA技术主要应用于濒危物种的监测、生物多样性调查、外来物种入侵和生物量评估等方面。日本对环境DNA技术的研究和应用起步较早,其针对环境DNA技术的检测条件和引物特异性等因素进行了广泛研究,并制定了一系列环境DNA在生物多样性监测中的相关标准及其研究与应用推广。通过对环境DNA技术操作流程和影响因素进行介绍的基础上,梳理总结了环境DNA技术在日本水生态系统中生物多样性、外来和濒危物种监测等方面的研究及其应用案例,结合文献计量学研究方法分析研究趋势和热点,为后续我国在水生态系统研究提供素材和参考。
Traditional biological monitoring methods have limitations in species monitoring, especially species monitoring with temporal and spatial changes in living habits.At the same time, as strong intervention methods, they will cause irreversible destructive effects on individual organisms, species and habitat environments.In contrast to them, environmental DNA technology, as a cutting-edge molecular biology method, can perform qualitative or quantitative analysis of species through PCR and gene sequencing using a non-invasive method. It can supplement traditional biological monitoring methods and even replace the current traditional methods under the premise of technological development.Environmental DNA technology has significant potential for bioenvironmental assessment.At present, environmental DNA technology is mainly used in the monitoring of endangered species, biodiversity surveys, alien species invasion and biomass assessment.The research and application of environmental DNA technology in Japan started early and has been extensively studied for factors such as detection conditions and primer specificity of environmental DNA technology. In addition,a series of standards for environmental DNA technology applied in biodiversity monitoring have been formulated to promote its research and application development. Based on introduction on environmental DNA technology procedure and influencing factors,this paper summaries the research and application practices of environmental DNA technology in biodiversity,alien species invasion and endangered species monitoring in water ecosystem of Japan,analyzes the research trend and focus with bibliometric analysis method,and provides information and references for future water ecosystem research in China.
作者
贺凯
刘泽军
胡茂川
刘丙军
郝爱民
井芹宁
HE Kai;LIU Zejun;HU Maochuan;LIU Bingjun;HAO Aimin;JING Qinning(School of Civil Engineering,Sun Yat-Sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Resources Utilization and Protection of Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510640,China;Wenzhou University,College of Life and Environmental Science,Wenzhou 325035,China;Zhejiang Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Subtropical Water Environment Ecological Protection,Wenzhou 325035,China)
出处
《西北水电》
2022年第5期57-65,共9页
Northwest Hydropower
基金
国家重点研发计划“政府间国际科技创新合作”重点项目(2018YFE0103700)
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金联合基金重点项目(2019B1515120052)
广东省省级科技计划项目(2020B1212060053).
关键词
环境DNA
物种监测
生物多样性
水生生态系统
environmental DNA
species monitoring
biodiversity
water ecosystem bvcxzm
