摘要
为了快速评估所开发的某新款纯电动客车车架的安全性能,这里采用Optistruct仿真软件对客车车架进行了有限元分析。建立了客车车架在弯曲、扭转、紧急转弯、紧急制动工况的力学分析模型,获得了车架的最大应力和最大变形量。在后处理中利用了Optistruct的新型单元均分算法,通过提取并均分最相邻节点的应力值来提高应力精度。最后根据静态分析结果,采用尺寸优化方法对车架钣金件厚度进行了优化设计。分析结果表明:原车架在满载扭转工况下的应力及变形量最大,最大应力位于电池包附近的车架梁位置,最大应力和最大变形量分别为341.4MPa和6.78mm,均未超过许用值,满足设计要求;优化后车架质量减轻了257kg,最大应力相比原车架减小了7.15%,最大变形量增加了8.4%,满足设计要求。
In order to quickly evaluate the safety performance of a new pure electric bus frame developed,this paper uses Optistruct simulation software to conduct a finite element analysis of the bus frame.A mechanical analysis model of the bus frame under bending,torsion,emergency turning and emergency braking conditions was established,and the maximum stress and maximum deformation of the frame were obtained.In the post-processing,the new element sharing algorithm of Optistruct is used to improve the accuracy of the stress by extracting and sharing the stress values of the most adjacent nodes.Finally,according to the results of static analysis,the thickness of frame sheet metal parts is optimized by using the method of the size optimization.The analysis results show that the original frame has the largest stress and deformation under full load torsion.The maximum stress is at the position of the frame beam near the battery pack.The maximum stress and maximum deformation are 341.4MPa and 6.78mm,and both do not exceed the allowable value,which meets the design requirements.Through optimization,the weight of the frame is reduced by 257kg,the maximum stress is reduced by 7.15%,and the maximum deformation is increased by 8.4%,which meets the design requirements.
作者
张增博
孙宇波
刘强
ZHANG Zeng-bo;SUN Yu-bo;LIU Qiang(School of Intelligent Systems Engineering,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangdong Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Transportation System,Guangdong Guangzhou 510006,China;Lightweight Electric Vehicle and Parts Engineering Center of Guangdong Province,Guangdong Dongguan 523000,China)
出处
《机械设计与制造》
北大核心
2022年第11期154-157,163,共5页
Machinery Design & Manufacture
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51675540)
东莞市社会科技发展重点项目(20185071551596)
中山大学新工科研究与实践项目(2018)。
关键词
客车
车架
强度分析
刚度分析
尺寸优化
Bus
Frame
Strength Analysis
Stiffness Analysis
Size Optimization
