摘要
欧盟碳边境调节机制(CBAM)与碳排放交易体系并行运作,是欧盟推进绿色新政的核心举措,一旦实施将成为全球首个碳关税,意味着全球正在形成以气候变化为主题的新国际贸易体系和产业竞争格局。由于经济和技术制约,发展中国家出口产品普遍达不到发达国家的低碳排放标准,发达国家基于自身优势效仿推行碳关税的可能性大大增加,而许多发展中国家却将碳关税视为非法。虽然各方对碳关税的反应不一,但可以预见欧盟将继续推进CBAM立法和实施进程,部分发达国家可能随之开征碳关税。碳关税可能带来发展成本、贸易体系、气候议程和国际政治等方面的危机。为此,各国应在联合国2030年可持续发展议程目标指导下坚持“共同但有区别的责任”,积极开展南北碳市场和碳关税对话,加强南南绿色产业技术合作,开展新能源技术变革,发挥地方政府和民间资本的作用,用好数字和金融工具,共同推动全球环境与气候治理,助力构建人类命运共同体。
The EU Carbon Border Regulation Mechanism(CBAM)operates in parallel with the carbon emission trading system.It is the core measure of the EU to promote the green New Deal.Once implemented,it will be the world's first carbon tariff,which means that the world is forming a new international trading system and industrial competition pattern with the theme of climate change.Due to economic and technological constraints,the export products of developing countries generally do not meet the low carbon emission standards of developed countries.The possibility of developed countries to follow the example of carbon tariffs based on their own advantages has greatly increased,while many developing countries regard carbon tariffs as illegal.Although various parties have different reactions to carbon tariffs,it is foreseen that the EU will continue to push forward the CBAM legislation and implementation process,and some developed countries may also impose carbon tariffs.Therefore,Under the UN The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals,all countries should adhere to"Common But Differentiated Responsibilities",Actively carry out North-South dialogue on carbon markets and carbon tariffs;To strengthen South-South technical cooperation in green industries and carry out technological transformation in new energy;Give full play to the role of local governments and private capital;Make good use of digital and financial tools;Jointly promote global environmental and climate governance and help build a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind.
作者
张书林
王珩
ZHANG Shulin;WANG Heng
出处
《决策与信息》
2022年第10期44-51,共8页
Decision & Information
