摘要
肥料合理施用在全球控制肥料施用量、降低环境污染背景下对于农业的绿色发展具有更为重要的意义,适宜的肥料配比是合理利用肥料的关键措施之一。为进一步明确不同氮磷钾比例条件下的烟叶质量特征,摸清不同肥料配比下肥料的利用率,以云烟87为材料,采用^(15)N同位素示踪法,研究了等氮条件下不同氮磷钾配比,即不施处理(T1),常规施肥处理(1∶0.5∶2,CK),增钾处理(1∶0.5∶3,T2),增磷处理(1∶1∶2,T3)和提磷增钾处理(1∶1∶3,T4)下烤烟产质量及氮肥利用率特征。结果表明:(1)等氮条件下提磷增钾的措施显著提高烟叶的产量和产值。产量表现为T4>T3>T2>CK>T1,产值表现为T4>T2>T3>CK>T1。与CK相比,T2、T3和T4处理的产量分别增加了11.81%、3.48%和20.72%,产值分别增加了9.66%、1.17%和19.81%。(2)^(15)N同位素示踪标记结果表明,等氮条件下提磷增钾措施能促进烟株对硝态氮和铵态氮的吸收,提高氮肥利用率。上、中、下部叶的铵态氮和硝态氮含量(氮分布)分别为:T4>T2>T3>CK。与CK相比,T2、T3和T4处理的氮肥利用率分别增加了16.87%、15.88%和31.00%。(3)等氮条件下增钾处理的氮肥利用率高于增磷处理,产量和产值较高。结果显示,等氮条件下提磷增钾的施肥措施促进烟株对肥料的吸收,有效提高烟株的氮肥利用率,提高烤烟产量和增加农民经济收入,为优质烟叶的生产提供一定的理论依据。
Reasonable application of fertilizer ratio is an effective measure to control fertilizer application and reduce environmental pollution,which is a significant for the green development of agriculture.To clarify and evalu-ate the characteristics of tobacco leaves and improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency,the medium fertility soil was observed and the ^(15)N tracer method were used and the effectiveness of no fertilization treatment T1,conventional fer-tilization treatment(1:0.5:2,CK),increasing potassium treatment(1:0.5:3,T2),increasing phosphorus treatment(1:1:2,T3)and increasing phosphorus and potassium(1:1:3,T4)treatments were designed in the field experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of yield and quality and nitrogen use efficiency of flue-cured tobacco with different P and K ratios with the same N conditions.The results suggested that:(1)The yield and economic income were increased under the treatment of increasing phosphorus and potassium with the same N conditions.The yield with the same N input were:T4 treatment>T3 treatment>T2 treatment>CK treatment>T1 treatment,and the economic income were:T4 treatment>T2 treatment>T3 treatment>CK treatment>T1 treatment.Compared with CK treatment,the yield and economic benefits in T2,T3 and T4 treatments increased by 11.81%,3.48%,20.72%and 9.66%,1.17%,19.81%,respectively.Nitrogen utilization efficiency using the ^(15)N tracer methods were:T4 treatment>T2 treatment>T3 treat-ment>CK treatment.(2)The value of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen in the subsoil were increased under the treat-ment of increasing phosphorus and potassium with the same N conditions.Compared with CK treatment,the nitrogen use efficiency in T2,T3 and T4 treatments increased by 16.87%,15.88%and 31.00%,respectively.(3)The yield,economic income and nitrogen utilization efficiency of flue-cured tobacco under increasing potassium treatment were higher than that of increasing phosphorus treatment with the same N conditions.The results suggested that increasing P and K under the same N input can improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency of flue-cured tobacco,which is benefi-cial to the production of high-quality tobacco and provide a theoretical basis for the green development of agriculture.
作者
陶怡帆
邓小鹏
赵正雄
徐照丽
欧阳铖人
TAO Yifan;DENG Xiaopeng;ZHAO Zhengxiong;XU Zhaoli;OUYANG Chengren(College of Tobacco Science,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201;Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Science,Kunming 650021)
出处
《安徽农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2022年第4期552-557,共6页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural University
基金
云南省烟草公司科技计划重点专项(2019530000241012)
云南省烟草公司重点科技项目(2018530000241017)
云南中烟工业有限责任公司科技计划(S-6016011)共同资助。
关键词
烤烟
产量
质量
氮肥利用率
15N同位素示踪法
flue-cured tobacco
yield
quality
nitrogen use efficiency
^(15)N tracer methods
