摘要
白蚁在地面营造土垅巢的现象,是反映热带景观的一种特色。我国在地面营造土垅巢的白蚁,首先在云南、广西发现,计有三种:土垅大白蚁Macrotermes annandalei (Silvestri);云南土白蚁Odontotermes yunnanensis Tsai et Chen;黄球白蚁Globitermes sulphureus (Haviland)。以上三种白蚁的垅巢,蔡邦华、陈宁生(1964)有详细介绍。而海南岛的白蚁垅巢,一直未报导过。
There arc three species of termite mound nests in Yunnan, Kwangsi, China: Macrotermcs annandalei (Silvcstri), Oclontotcrmes yunnanensis Tsai et Chen and Globitermes sulphureus (Haviland). There are two species of termite mound nests in Hainan Island, China: Microcerotermea crassus Snyder and Capri-tcrm.es wuzhishanensis sp. nov. Termite mound nests of Microcerotermes crassus Snyder is similar to the size of a basketball on land (plate 1), next height is about 20cm, nest is very hard. From the result of 31 nests dissected: We discovered many supplementary reproductive, ranging from 40 to 206, But no supplementary reproductive can be found while the primary king and queen are still alive. The size of nests is direct proportion with the populations of colonies, approximately several ten thousand-over one hundred thousand. The mound nests of Capritermes wuzhishanensis sp. nov. were only found in Wuzhishan, Xing-long, etc. of South Hainan Island. Nest height is about 20-45cm. The nests are made of soil and not so hard, at 200-700M above sea level, (plate 4-5) Capritermes wuzhishanensis sp. nov. (fig. 1 , 3.) The soldier of Capritermes wuzhishanensis, new species differs from that of Capritermes jangtsekiangensis Kemner in left mandible tip slight obliquely turncated at left side, right side is slight concave, tip is slight acute, (fig. 1 , a, d.) (C. jangtsekiangensis Kemner left mandible tip oblipuely truncated in right side, tip is blunt.) Capritermes wuzhishanensis, new species comes clossest to C. nitobei (shiraki). It, however, differs from it as follows: 1. The soldier of new species, posterolateral of head is slighty narrowed;(fig. 1. A) (vs. posterolateral of head is not narrowed) 2. The soldier of new species body is larger than C. nitobei (Shiraki);width of head 1.17-1.28(mean 1.21) (vs. width of head 1.02-1.17 (1.09)). 3. Capritermes wuzhishanensis sp. nov. is building mound nests (vs. C. nitobei (Shiraki) is not building mound nests). Holotype:soldier, Wuzhishan Hainan Island, on March 24, 1963. collected by Li Guixiang and Dai zirong. Paratype:soldier Imagoes and Worker. All type specimens are deposited in Guang dong Institute of Entomology.
作者
李桂祥
Li Guixiang(Guangdong Institute of Entomology)
