摘要
利用从江西气象CIMISS数据库获取的全省87个气象站1961~2018年逐日最高地面气温资料,基于地面气象观测数据分析平台,应用趋势分析法等,分析了江西省近60年高温天气的时空变化特征。分析发现:(1)高温日数呈上升趋势但没有通过显著性检验,呈现出“多-少-多”的年代际变化特征,60年代和2000年以来高温日数偏多,70~90年代高温日数偏少;(2)高温天气主要出现在每年的6~9月份,以盛夏7,8两月最为集中,日最高气温≥40℃的站次主要集中在7月中旬至8月中旬前期;(3)日高温持续时间长,盛夏高温初始时间一般在每天的10~12 h,结束时间在19~21 h,持续时间大约10 h左右;(4)高温天气的空间分布呈现明显的地域性差异,高温主要分布在赣北的南部和东部、赣中和赣南的北部等地,而赣北的中北部、环鄱阳湖地区、赣南的南部以及山区高温日数相对较少;(5)江西省大部分地区的极端最高气温都超过40℃,尤其是进入21世纪以来出现40℃以上的站数明显增多。由此可见,江西省高温天气具有年际变化大、高温持续时间长、高温日集中、地域分布不均匀等特征,且随着全球气候变暖,极端高温事件也呈偏多偏强趋势。研究结果将有助于进一步认识江西高温的区域性特征。
The maximum of daily surface temperature from 1961 to 2018,which were obtained from 87 meteorological observation stations in CIMISS,were utilized to analyze temporal and spatial distribution of high temperature weather in Jiangxi province in recent 60 years,building on the ground meteorological observation data analysis service system and resorting to the trend analysis method.The results showed that:(1)There has been a general uptrend in the number of high temperature day but failed to pass through the significance test,the interdecadal variability appears a"more-less-more",and the number of high temperature day was much more in 1960 s and 2000,and less in 1970 s to 1990 s.(2)The high temperature had a large time span from April to October in every years,and the maximum of daily temperature above 40℃concentrated from July to August.(3)The daily high temperature lasted for a long time,and the high temperature usually started at 10~12 o’clock every day and ended at 19~21 o’clock,lasting about 10 hours.(4)The spatial distribution of high temperature showed regional differences.Specifically,high temperature was mainly distributed in the south and east of northern Jiangxi,the middle and north of southern Jiangxi,while there were relatively few high temperature days in the middle and north of northern Jiangxi,the area around Poyang Lake,the south of southern Jiangxi and mountainous areas.(5)The extreme high temperature in most areas of Jiangxi Province has exceeded 40℃,especially since the beginning of the 21 st century,the number of stations above 40℃has increased significantly.It can be seen that the high-temperature weather in Jiangxi Province had the characteristics of large interannual change,long duration,large time span of occurrence,high-temperature day concentration,uneven regional distribution and so on.With the global warming,extreme high-temperature events also tend to be more and stronger.The results will be helpful to further understand the regional characteristics of high temperature in Jiangxi.
作者
胡菊芳
李芬
赵冠男
周晓香
HU Jufang;LI Fen;ZHAO Guannan;ZHOU Xiaoxiang(Jiangxi Climate Center,Nanchang,330096,China;Jiangxi Meteorological Information Center,Nanchang 330096,China)
出处
《南昌大学学报（理科版）》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第4期416-422,共7页
Journal of Nanchang University(Natural Science)
基金
2019年江西省气象科技重点项目(赣气发[2019]183号)。
关键词
高温天气
时间变化
空间变化
特征分析
high temperature weather
temporal change
spatial change
feature analysis
