摘要
介孔二氧化硅纳米材料具有较大的比表面积和稳定物理化学性质,因此在吸附、催化、生物医学及其他领域应用广泛。近年来,学术界致力于对介孔二氧化硅纳米材料的形态和结构(粒径尺寸、粒子形状、孔道结构及易于官能化的表面)进行调控,因为材料的精细结构对材料的物理化学性质有着显著影响,而其物理化学性质又决定着其性能和应用。但纯二氧化硅材料的特异性不足导致其应用效果受到一定的限制,因此如何提高其特异性从而开拓其应用领域成为研究热点。和传统的二维介孔二氧化硅材料相比,树枝状纤维形二氧化硅(DFNS)具有更加开放、更易渗透的树枝状孔道结构。随着树枝状纤维形二氧化硅的出现,因其可修饰的表面和特殊的辐射状孔道结构,将二氧化硅纳米材料优异的物理化学性质和按实际需要进行改性所增加的特异性相结合,使介孔二氧化硅纳米材料的应用前景有了质的飞跃并开始在诸多领域展露头角。本文结合本课题组的工作内容对树枝状纤维形二氧化硅的合成及形貌调控进行归纳概述,并对通过包覆磁性核壳结构、接枝官能团或化学单体、负载金属或金属氧化物等改性手段制备的功能材料在吸附、催化、生物医学、色谱固定相、气体捕捉等领域的应用情况进行了总结。
Mesoporous silica nano-materials(MSNs) have been widely used in various fields,e.g.,adsorption,catalysis,and biomedicine,due to their large specific surface area as well as stable physical and chemical properties. In recent years,relevant niches of the academia have been committing themselves to regulating and controlling the morphology and structure of MSNs(particle size,particle shape,channel structure,and readily-functionalized surface),because the fineness of the material’s structure has a significant impact on its physical and chemical properties,which will in turn translates to its performance and application.Pure silica materials,however,have their application scopes limited due to their lack of specificity. In this sense,how to improve their specificity and open up more fields of application have become popular research topics. Compared with the conventional two-dimensional mesoporous silica materials,dendritic fibrous nano-silica(DFNS) has a more open and more permeable dendritic pore structure. The modifiable surface and special radial channel structure of the dendritic fibrous nano-silica can combine the excellent physical and chemical properties of the silica nano-material with the modified functional specificity arising from the actual need. This signifies a qualitative leap in the application prospect of the MSNs,allowing more and more applications to gradually emerge across various fields.This paper concludes and reviews the synthesis and morphological regulation of DFNS based on the work of the research team. Furthermore,the applications of functional materials prepared by coating magnetic core-shell structures,grafting functional groups and chemical monomers,or with the use of supported metals or metallic oxides in adsorption,catalysis,biomedicine,chromatographic stationary phase,gas capture and other fields have also been summarized.
作者
初红涛
陈嘉琪
鞠洁
姚冬
于淼
苏立强
CHU Hongtao;CHEN Jiaqi;JU Jie;YAO Dong;YU Miao;SU Liqiang(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar 161006,Heilongjiang,China)
出处
《材料导报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第17期59-65,共7页
Materials Reports
基金
齐齐哈尔大学研究生创新项目(YJSCX2019031)
黑龙江省自然科学基金优秀青年项目(YQ2019H034)。
关键词
树枝状纤维形二氧化硅
改性
吸附
催化
应用
dendritic fiber silica
modification
adsorption
catalysis
application
