摘要
树枝状纤维形二氧化硅纳米球(KCC-1,类似于MCM-41命名规则)是继MCM-41、SBA-15之后,又一种里程碑式的介孔材料。与传统介孔二氧化硅相比,KCC-1具备三维中心辐射状孔道和多级孔结构,因而具有更高的比表面积、更大的孔体积、更高的孔渗透性、粒子内表面更易接触等优点。在KCC-1中,客体物质(如贵金属纳米粒子和生物大分子等)能够沿着中心辐射状孔道进行负载和/或输送,因此,KCC-1在纳米催化剂载体方面极具应用前景。近年来,KCC-1的成功开发掀起了树枝状纤维形纳米球及其催化剂的研究热潮。一方面,人们尝试基于其他本体材质构建树枝状纤维形纳米球,制备出树枝状纤维形二氧化钛纳米球、树枝状纤维形硅钛杂化纳米球、树枝状纤维形碳纳米球、树枝状纤维形碳氮杂化纳米球、树枝状纤维形硅铝杂化纳米球、树枝状纤维形硅铜铝杂化纳米球等。另一方面,随着研究的深入,以树枝状纤维形结构为基础的核-壳型、空心型、蛋黄-蛋壳型等新颖结构纳米催化剂也被成功开发,并在特定体系中展现出优越的催化性能。本文从构成树枝状纤维形纳米球的本体材料(元素)出发,对具有三维中心辐射状孔道和多级孔结构的纳米球催化剂进行分类,总结了各自的结构特征、催化对象及催化性能,综述了近几年树枝状纤维形纳米球催化剂的研究进展。最后,对树枝状纤维形纳米球催化剂的研究思路与发展趋势进行了分析和展望。
D endritic fibrous silica-based nanospheres (denoted as KCC-1, similar to naming rule of MCM-41) have been regarded as another milestone in the history of mesoporous materials since MCM-41 and SBA-15. Compared with conventional mesoporous silica materials, KCC-1 with three-dimensional (3D) center-radial channels and hierarchical pores feature unique structural characteristics, including more open pore nanochannels, more highly accessible internal spaces, larger pore volumes, etc. Diverse vip species (such as noble metal nano-particles or functional biological macromolecules) could be easily transported through the radial porous architectures, achieving their efficient loading or reacting with the chemically active sites on these nanochannels as promising scaffolds/platforms to construct novel nanocatalysts. A majority of investigations have demonstrated that KCC-1 are ideal alternatives over traditional mesoporous MCM-41 or SBA-15, owing to their inherent structure superiorities. The successful creation of KCC-1 has aroused a wave of research upon dendritic fibrous nanospheres and the derivative catalysts. Researchers made fruitful attempts to develop dendritic fibrous nanospheres with other bulk elements, and obtained a series of analogues such as titania, silica-titania hybrid, carbon, carbon-nitrogen hybrid, silica-aluminum hybrid, silica-aluminum-copper hybrid, etc. nanospheres with dendritic fibrous structure. On the other hand, as the research further progressed, nanocatalysts with novel structures (e.g. core-shell, hollow, yolk-shell, etc.) on the basis of the original dendritic fibrous porous structure were also constructed and found to have excellent catalytic performances in specific catalyst-support systems. Starting with bulk elements which were utilized to construct dendritic fibrous nanospheres with 3D center-radial channels plus hierarchical pores, this article will review the worldwide recent research progress of this type of nanocatalysts, mainly classifying them, as well as summarizing individual structural characteristics, catalytic objects and performances. Last but not the least, research ideas and development trends will be analyzed and outlooked.
作者
王亚斌
郭敏
史时辉
呼科科
张耀霞
刘忠
WANG Yabin;GUO Min;SHI Shihui;HU Keke;ZHANG Yaoxia;LIU Zhong(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan an University, Yan'an 716000;Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008;Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources Chemistry of Qinghai Province, Xining 810008)
出处
《材料导报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第21期3596-3605,共10页
Materials Reports
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(U1607105)
青海省科技项目(2018-GX-101
2018-ZJ-722
2019-HZ-808)
陕西省教育厅重点实验室项目(16JS120)
延安大学博士科研启动项目(YDBK2017-39
YDBK2016-14)
延安大学校级科研计划项目(YDQ2018-14),延安大学研究生教育创新计划项目(YCX201822)
陕西省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201820042)~~
