摘要
为探究湟水流域水沙变化驱动因素,基于长时间序列径流量、输沙量数据,采用趋势检验法、突变检验法对1956—2020年湟水流域水沙情势演变进行分析。结果表明:(1)1956—2020年湟水流域径流量增长趋势显著(速率为0.2亿~0.5亿m3/10 a),输沙量呈显著下降趋势,水沙突变不同步。(2)上下游各站径流量呈现相对一致的周期变化,主要存在9、22、34、47 a的周期分布;上游湟源站输沙量以30 a尺度为主周期,西宁、乐都、民和站输沙量在11、14、21 a尺度小波震荡能量较强。(3)水沙变化趋势各异,产水、产沙存在明显异源现象。(4)侵蚀性降水量、侵蚀性降水天数对径流量变化具有促进作用,侵蚀性降水强度变化引起输沙量的变化,植被覆盖度提高和水土保持措施对流域输沙量减少起到重要作用。
In order to explore the driving factors of water and sediment changes in the Huangshui River Basin,based on the long-term runoff and sediment transport data,the trend analysis method and mutation analysis were used to analyze the evolution of the water and sediment situation in the Huangshui River Basin from 1956 to 2020.The results show that a)from 1956 to 2020,the runoff in the river basin has a significant growth trend(with a rate of 0.2 to 0.5100 million m3/10 a)and the amount of sediment transport shows a significant downward trend,and the sudden change of water and sediment is not synchronized;b)The upstream and downstream runoff shows relatively consistent periodic changes,mainly with 9,22,34 and 47 years.The sediment discharge of Huangyuan Station on the upper reaches is mainly in the 30years scale period,and the sediment discharge of Xining,Ledu and Minhe stations is in the 11,14 and 21 years scale with strong wavelet oscillation energy;c)The trends of water and sediment are different,and there are obvious heterologous phenomena of runoff yield and sediment production and;d)The amount of erosive precipitation and the number of erosive precipitation days have a promoting effect on the change of runoff,the change of the intensity of erosive precipitation causes the change of the sediment transport,and the vegetation coverage and water conservation engineering play an important role in the reduction of sediment in the basin.
作者
余欣
李其江
刘希胜
闵敏
杨阳
时璐
马蕊
YU Xin;LI Qijiang;LIU Xisheng;MIN Min;YANG Yang;SHI Lu;MA Rui(Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,YRCC,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Qinghai Water Resources Department,Xining 810001,China;Surveying and Forecasting Center for Hydrology and Water of Qinghai Province,Xining 810001,China)
出处
《人民黄河》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第9期64-70,共7页
Yellow River
基金
青海省应用基础研究项目(2019-ZJ-7045)。
关键词
径流演变
泥沙減少
湟水流域
runoff evolution
sediment decrease
Huangshui River Basin
