摘要
目的 了解医学生既往遭受校园欺凌情况对自身抑郁状态的影响,为防范校园欺凌事件的发生和促进医学生心理健康提供参考。方法 以分层整群抽样的方法,抽取齐齐哈尔医学院大一~大三共2 152名在校学生进行问卷调查。结果 898名学生处于抑郁状态,其中轻度抑郁的检出人数为670人(74.61%),中度抑郁的检出人数为209人(23.27%),重度抑郁的检出人数为19人(2.12%)。男女生抑郁检出率分别为46.6%和37.8%,不同的性别(Z=-3.55,P<0.001)、不同的年级(H=14.81,P=0.001)、不同学习成绩(H=22.31,P<0.001)、不同生活经历(H=14.02,P=0.003)、父母经常争吵(Z=-5.57,P<0.001)和离异(Z=-4.40,P<0.001)之间大学生抑郁情况检出率差异有统计学意义,其中大三年级学生抑郁的检出率为47.0%,学习成绩较差的学生抑郁检出率为52.8%,大学生既往住过托管机构的抑郁检出率为65.2%,父母经常争吵和离异情况下大学生抑郁检出率分别为54.5%、54.8%。800名学生在小学时遭受过校园欺凌(占总学生数的37.17%);578名学生在初高中学时有遭受过校园欺凌(占总学生数的26.86%);214名学生在大学时有遭受过校园欺凌(占总学生数的9.94%)。结果显示年级、父母争吵、父母离异、既往遭受欺凌均是医学生抑郁状态产生的危险因素(P<0.05);曾在小学、初高中及大学期间偶尔和经常遭受欺凌者均比未遭受欺凌者发生抑郁的危险性高(P均<0.01)。结论 既往遭受校园欺凌是后期医学生产生抑郁状态的重要危险因素,因此应该增加来自社会、家庭、学校和同伴的支持,降低校园欺凌的发生,进而减少医学生抑郁状态的产生,为其营造良好的身心健康发展的学习和生活环境。
ObjectiveTo understand the impact of previous campus bullying on depression of medical students, soas to provide references for preventing campus bullying and promoting the mental health of them.MethodsA question-naire survey was conducted among 2 152 freshmen to junior students in Qiqihar Medical College selected by using the strati-fied cluster sampling method.ResultsTotally 898 students were in a state of depression, including 670(74.61%) in milddepression, 209(23.27%) in moderate depression, and 19(2.12%) in severe depression. The detection rates of depression inmale and female students were 46.6% and 37.8% respectively. There were significant differences in the detection rates ofdepression among college students of different genders(Z =-3.55, P < 0.001), different grades(H = 14.81, P = 0.001), differentacademic achievements(H = 22.31, P < 0.001), different life experiences(H = 14.02, P = 0.003), different states of parents’ frequent quarrels(Z=-5.57,P<0.001)and different states of parents’ divorce(Z =-4.40, both P < 0.001). Among them,the highest depression detection rate of junior students was 47.0%, the highest depression detection rate of students with pooracademic performance was 52.8%, the highest depression detection rate of college students who had previously lived in trusteeship institutions was 65.2%, and the higher depression de-tection rates of college students when their parents oftenquarreled and had divorce were 54.5% and 54.8% respec-tively. Totally 800 students suffered from campus bullyingin the primary school(37.17% of the total students);578 stu-dents suffered from campus bullying in the junior and se-nior high school(26.86% of the total students);214 students suffered from campus bullying in the college(9.94% of the total students). The investigation results showed thatgrade, parents’ quarrel, parents’ divorce and previous campus bullying were the risk factors of depression in medical stu-dents(P < 0.05). The risk of depression was higher in those who were occasionally and frequently bullied in the primaryschool and the junior and senior high school and the college compared with those who were not bullied(all P < 0.001).ConclusionPrevious campus bullying is an important risk factor for medical students’ depression in the later stage. Therefore,we should increase the support from society, family, school and peers to reduce the occurrence of campus bullying, so as to re-duce the incidence of depression of medical students and create a good learning and living environment for their physical andmental health development.
作者
李洪杰
钞虹
于阅
钱学艳
万思源
梁虹
杨晓蕾
LI Hong-jie;CHAO Hong;YU Yue;QIAN Xue-yan;WAN Si-yuan;LIANG Hong;YANG Xiao-lei(Qiqihar Medial University,Qiqihar 161000,Heilongjiang,China)
出处
《中国校医》
2022年第7期488-491,共4页
Chinese Journal of School Doctor
基金
黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费(2019-KYYWF-1267)。
关键词
抑郁
校园欺凌
社会支持
医学生
depression
campus bullying
social support
medical student
