摘要
制度主义发端于结构功能主义,是组织研究的一个分析视角,20世纪70年代发展为新制度主义,重新成为社会研究的重要理论。其“新”主要表现在研究边界从正式制度扩展到非正式制度,从宏观制度扩展到中观制度和微观制度,从独立、静态、稳定的制度扩展到动态、互嵌、变迁的制度。新制度主义具有鲜明的“全球化”内涵,在比较教育研究中得到了广泛应用。其对制度要素的强调,与比较教育研究的因素分析、问题法、理想类型、文化研究范式等方法论具有紧密关联,理论发展的时间脉络也与上述方法论相交叠。选取跨境办学的相关研究作为理论应用的案例,可以看到新制度主义对比较教育研究的方法论意义及适切性,对跨境教育现象及其中的教育制度变迁都具有较强的解释力。早期的新制度主义曾面临“西方中心”的普遍误解,随着研究的广泛应用、相关研究工作对理论体系的反哺、理论体系在不同国家的本土化发展,新制度主义的理论边界不断扩展、内涵不断丰富,打破了传统认知的偏误,但同时也引发了理论体系的模糊性和松散性等问题。就理论应用而言,新制度主义更多地将研究视野从宏观制度转向微观制度,给比较教育研究带来有益启发。
Institutionalism originated from structural-functionalism.It is an analytical perspective in organizational research.It has developed into new institutionalism in the 1970s and has become an important theory for social studies again.The"new"is mainly reflected in the expansion of the research boundary from formal institution to informal institution,from macro-institution to meso-and micro-institution,and from independent,static and stable institution to dynamic,embedded and changing institution.New institutionalism has a distinct connotation of"globalization",and has been widely applied in comparative education research.The temporal course and focused attention on institutional elements are logically related to the Factors Analysis,Problem-solving Approach,Ideal Type,and Cultural Research Paradigm in comparative education research.Selecting the studies of cross-border education as the case manifesting theoretical application,the methodological significance of new institutionalism to comparative education research is noticeable.New institutionalism can considerably elucidate the phenomenon of cross-border education and the changes of education institutions.The early new institutionalism faced misconceptions of"western cultural account".With the wide application,the back feeding of research on the theoretical system,and the localization of theoretical system in different countries,the boundary of new institutionalism has been expanding and the connotation has been enriched.New institutionalism is no longer limited to the misconceptions of"western cultural account".However,the theoretical evolvement also leads to the problems of fuzziness and looseness.In terms of theoretical application,an important way ahead is to shift foci from macro-institution more towards micro-institution.
作者
尤铮
覃云云
YOU Zheng;QIN Yunyun(Graduate School of Education,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 100089 China)
出处
《比较教育学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第3期3-13,共11页
Journal of Comparative Education
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(项目编号:2020QD18)。
关键词
新制度主义
制度变迁
比较教育研究
理论适切
理论应用
new institutionalism
institutional change
comparative education research
theoretical relevance
theoretical application
