摘要
猪丹毒是一种由红斑丹毒丝菌引起的、以红色或紫红色疹块为主要特征的传染性疾病。近年来,由于抗生素超量使用、疫苗接种忽视以及病原微生物快速变异等,猪丹毒发病率呈上升趋势,某些猪场甚至出现巨大经济损失。猪丹毒是典型的“老病新发”性细菌性传染病,血清型1a、1b和2是感染猪的主要病原体。虽然,传统疫苗已成功使用多年,但快速变异的毒株仍需要新的疫苗替代品来控制。本文从丹毒丝菌的基本特征、发病机制以及疫苗防控等方面进行了综述,重点分析了丹毒丝菌的毒力因子荚膜多糖、神经氨酸酶、透明质酸酶、3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶、表面蛋白等在致病过程中的作用机制,探讨了表面保护抗原蛋白SpaA、胆碱结合蛋白CbpB等在新型疫苗研发中的应用。最后,对猪丹毒未来研究方向进行了展望,以期为该病的研究和预防提供科学参考。
Swine erysipelas,characterized by red or purplish red rash,is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae.In recent years,due to the excessive use of antibiotics,neglect in vaccination and rapid variation in pathogenic strains,the incidence of porcine erysipelas has increased,and some pig farms have even suffered substantial economic losses.Erysipelas is a typical bacterial infectious disease associated with“new outbreaks of old diseases”.Serotypes1a,1b and 2 are the main pathogenic serotypes of swine erysipelas.Although traditional vaccines have been successfully used for many years,rapidly evolving erysipelas pathogens necessitate the development of vaccine substitutes to control epidemics.In this paper,we review the basic characteristics of E.rhusiopathiae,the pathogenesis of porcine erysipelas and vaccine prevention and control.We focus on the mechanism of action of the virulence factors of E.rhusiopathiae involved in the pathogenic process,including capsular polysaccharide,neuraminidase,hyaluronidase,glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and surface proteins,and discuss the application of surface protective antigen protein A(Spa A),choline-binding protein B(Cbp B),etc.,in the development of novel vaccines.Finally,future research directions for swine erysipelas are proposed to provide a scientific reference for research and prevention of the disease.
作者
沈丁熠
汤有志
SHEN Ding-yi;TANG You-zhi(College of Veterinary Medicine,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)
出处
《中国兽医科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期767-776,共10页
Chinese Veterinary Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1800600)
广东省自然科学杰出青年基金项目(2019B151502002)。
关键词
丹毒丝菌
致病机制
毒力因子
疫苗防控
猪丹毒
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
pathogenesis
virulence factors
vaccine prevent and control
swine erysipelas
