摘要
随着计算机性能不断提升,虚拟现实技术不断发展,工程开发中对于虚拟模具的要求不断提高,高效利用计算机性能达到视觉上的物理真实感已经成为衡量虚拟现实技术的关键指标。基于弹性力学本构方程,运用物理学中广义胡克定律,引入双曲线颈缩模型,改进计算机图形学中基于位置的动力学模拟的软体绳索,综合考虑功耗和性能之间的平衡,研究软体类弹性绳索在拉伸时的多种形变情况,建立起泊松比和极限收缩半径可调的弹性绳索动态拉伸数学模型,在Unity平台进行动画效果仿真。实现了三类情况下视觉上可信的仿真,包括弹性绳索在弹性限度内,不同泊松比时,符合纵横物理变化规律的拉伸动画效果;弹性绳索超过弹性限度时,在缺陷处出现颈缩现象的拉伸动画效果;以及弹性绳索超过伸长极限时,发生断裂的拉伸动画效果。最终成功将其应用到实际的虚拟现实工程中,模拟了安全培训中施工工人佩戴安全绳发生意外坠落的虚拟现实场景,取得了较好的真实体验效果。
With the continuous improvement of computer performance and the continuous development of virtual reality technology,the requirements for virtual molds in engineering development continue to increase.The efficient use of computer performance to achieve visual physical reality has become a key indicator to measure virtual reality technology.Based on the constitutive equation of elasticity,using the generalized Hooke’s law in physics,we introduce the hyperbolic necking model to improve the position-based dynamic simulation software rope in computer graphics,and comprehensively consider the balance between power consumption and performance.Research the various deformations of soft elastic ropes during stretching,establish a dynamic stretching mathematical model of elastic ropes with adjustable Poisson’s ratio and limit contraction radius,and simulate animation effects on the Unity platform.The simulation realizes visually credible simulation in three types of situations,including the stretching animation effect of the elastic rope within the elastic limit and different Poisson’s ratios in accordance with the law of vertical and horizontal physical changes,the stretching animation effect of necking phenomenon appears at the defect when the elastic rope exceeds the elastic limit,and the stretching animation effect that breaks occurs when the elastic rope exceeds the elongation limit.Finally,it was successfully applied to actual virtual reality projects,simulating the virtual reality scene of accidental fall of construction workers wearing safety ropes during safety training,and achieving better real experience effects.
作者
陈一凡
朱民耀
朱晓强
宋海洋
陆小锋
CHEN Yi-fan;ZHU Min-yao;ZHU Xiao-qiang;SONG Hai-yang;LU Xiao-feng(School of Communication and Information Engineering,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)
出处
《计算机技术与发展》
2022年第6期138-144,共7页
Computer Technology and Development
基金
上海市科委科研计划项目(19511105503)。
