摘要
【目的】探究油菜的氮素吸收、分配与利用特性。【方法】选用矮秆油菜MJ01(V_(1))和高秆油菜川油36(V_(2)),设置两种密度(2株/盆,4株/盆)处理,采用^(15)N同位素示踪方法开展了盆栽试验研究。【结果】V_(1)品种的成熟期植株干重和籽粒产量均低于V_(2)品种,经济系数则相对较高;V_(1)品种氮素积累量显著低于V_(2)品种,氮收获指数则相对略高;V_(1)品种茎秆和角果壳中^(15)N的分配比例均低于V_(2)品种,而籽粒中^(15)N的分配比例则略高于V_(2)品种。增加密度,降低了肥料^(15)N在叶片中的分配比例,但显著提高了肥料^(15)N在茎秆中的分配比例。相同密度下,V_(1)品种的标记^(15)N回收率(41.8%~42.0%)显著大于V_(2)品种(36.8%~37.7%),标记^(15)N损失率(19.3%~25.1%)则显著低于V_(2)品种(32.3%~34.0%)。密度对成熟期植株氮素积累、氮收获指数、植株^(15)N积累量和籽粒^(15)N的分配比例和标记^(15)N回收率均无显著影响。【结论】盆栽条件下,油菜对肥料^(15)N的当季吸收比例为36.8%~42.0%,植株吸收的^(15)N在茎秆、角果壳和籽粒中的分配比例分别为13.07%~16.49%、13.70%~17.77%以及66.52%~70.53%,肥料^(15)N损失率为19.3%~34.0%。
【Objective】This paper aims to probe into the characteristics of nitrogen absorption,distri⁃bution and utilization in rapeseed(Brassica nupas L.).【Method】A pot experiment with two different plant height genotypes(V_(1):dwarf rapeseed MJ01,V_(2):tall rapeseed Chuanyou 36)and two densities(2 plants/pot,4 plants/pot)was conducted by the ^(15)N isotope tracing method.【Result】The plant dry weight and grain yield of dwarf rapeseed(V_(1))at maturity were observed to lower than those of tall rapeseed(V_(2)),and the economic coefficient was relatively higher;the nitrogen accumulation of V_(1) was significantly lower than that of V_(2),and the nitrogen harvest index was relatively higher;the ^(15)N distribution ratio in stalks and pod shells of V_(1) was lower than that of V_(2),while the ^(15)N distribution in grains of V_(1) was slightly higher than that of V_(2).Increasing the density reduced the distribution ratio of fertilizer ^(15)N in the leaves,but significantly increased the distribution ratio of fertilizer ^(15)N in the stalk.In the presence of the same density,the ^(15)N recovery rate of V_(1)(41.8%-42.0%)was significantly higher than that of V_(2)(36.8%-37.7%),and the labeled ^(15)N loss rate(19.3%-25.1%)of V_(1) was significantly lower than V_(2)(32.3%-34.0%).Plant density had no significant effect on plant nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen harvest index,^(15)N absorption of plants,^(15)N distribution ratio in grains,and recovery rate of labeled ^(15)N at maturity.【Con⁃clusion】Under potted conditions,the seasonal recovery rate of labeled ^(15)N was 36.8%-42.0%,the alloca⁃tion percentage of ^(15)N absorbed by plant in stalk,pod shell and seed were13.07%-16.49%、13.70%-17.77%、66.52%-70.53%repectively,and the loss rate of labeled ^(15)N was 19.3%-34.0%in rapeseed.
作者
严红梅
段秋宇
彭霄
李虹桥
郭世星
吴永成
YAN Hongmei;DUAN Qiuyu;PENG Xiao;LI Hongqiao;GUO Shixing;WU Yongcheng(College of Agronomy,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Modern Agricultural Industry Development Center of Yuechi County,Guang'an 638300,Sichuan,China;Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-Physiology and Farming System in Southwest,Chengdu 611130,China;Crop Eco-Physiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 611130,China)
出处
《四川农业大学学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期227-232,共6页
Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University
基金
四川省农作物育种攻关栽培课题(2016NYZ0051,2021YFYZ0005)
国家现代农业产业技术体系四川油菜创新团队(sccxtd2021-03)。
关键词
甘蓝型油菜
^(15)N同位素标记技术
氮素吸收
氮素分配
氮素利用
rapeseed(Brassica nupas L.)
^(15)N isotope labeling technique
nitrogen absorption
nitrogen distribution
nitrogen utilization
