摘要
自杀是一个全球性公共健康问题,迫切需要全面的理论模型来描述和解释自杀行为的发生过程,从而推进对自杀的研究。本文对已有的较成熟的模型提供了一个概念性讨论,比较其优缺点。疼痛呼救模型、自杀图式评估模型和自杀行为认知模型作为较早提出的理论模型,有一定的指导意义,但三者都没有对自杀意念和自杀行为进行详细区分;自杀人际理论是第一个关注自杀意念和自杀行为的关系的理论模型,并引入获得性能力这一新的影响因素;动机-意志整合模型在前者基础上,从自杀行为的生物-心理-社会背景出发更具体地解释自杀行为;自杀三阶段理论整合多方面相关因素,多角度解释了自杀行为的发生机制。
Suicide is a global public health problem, there is an urgent need to have a comprehensive theoretical model to describe and explain the occurrence process of suicide, so as to promote the study of suicide. This paper provides a conceptual discussion on some mature models and compares their advantages and disadvantages. CoP, SAMS and CMSB, as the earlier theoretical models, have certain guiding significance, but none of them has made a detailed distinction between suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior.IPTS is the first theoretical model that focuses on the relationship between suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior, and introduces acquired ability, which is a new influencing factor. Based on the former model,IMV explains suicidal behaviors from the biological psychological social background more specifically. 3 ST integrates many related factors and explains the mechanism of suicidal behavior from many angles.
作者
陈星
邓欢
CHEN Xing;DENG Huan(College of Education,Huaibei Normal University,Huaibei 235000)
出处
《心理研究》
CSSCI
2022年第2期132-140,共9页
Psychological Research
关键词
自杀意念
自杀行为
理论模型
影响因素
suicidal ideation
suicidal behaviors
theoretical models
influencing factors
