摘要
自杀行为主要包括自杀意念、自杀企图和自杀。流行学的调查结果发现,我国近10年来自杀率显著下降,尤其是女性,但农村老年居民一直是自杀的高发人群。自杀行为的影响因素众多,主要包括生物学因素、精神障碍和心理因素。其中心理因素包括易损特质、失调认知和心理痛苦。这些影响因素相互作用增加了自杀风险。自杀行为的理论模型试图跨越精神障碍来解释自杀行为。目前研究者较关注自杀行为的发展过程及机制研究。未来研究可以考虑从"意念"至"行动"的转变趋势,研究方法需要突破,本土化研究也亟待开展。
Suicidal behaviors include suicidal ideation, suicidal attempt and suicide. In China, suicide rate has been significantly declined during the past decade, especially that for females. But the rural elderly residents are high risk groups. The risk factors for suicidal behaviors include biological factors, mental disorders and psychological factors. The psychological factors include vulnerable factor, maladjusted cognition and psychache. Accumulation and interaction of these factors increase suicidal risk. These theoretical models try to explain suicidal behavior beyond mental disorders. Now researchers pay attention to the process of suicidal behaviors and the mechanism of suicidal behaviors. Future research should focus on the transition between ideation and action, improvement of methods and local research.
出处
《心理科学进展》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第8期1437-1452,共16页
Advances in Psychological Science
基金
"湖北高校大学生自杀个案十年调研分析报告(2004-2013)"资助
关键词
自杀行为
心理病理行为
流行病学
精神障碍
生物学因素
心理因素
suicidal behavior
psychopathological behavior
epidemiology
mental disorder
biological factor
psychological factor
