摘要
中国水稻生产面临高产与安全高效、高产与绿色优质之间矛盾和难以协调统一问题,种植方式向规模化、机械化、轻简化和标准化转型。再生稻充分利用温光资源,增产增收、省种省工、减肥减药,有效提高复种指数,发展再生稻对于实现藏粮于地、藏粮于技战略和确保粮食安全意义重大。本文介绍了我国再生稻生产的历史与现状,指出了主要存在强再生力水稻品种选育技术体系不完善、再生稻单产水平不稳定、适宜于机械化栽培的品种少等问题,从生产技术和遗传生理角度综述了再生稻的重点研究方向,主要包括再生稻品种评价体系与品种选育、腋芽萌发机制与产量形成、肥水运筹调控与标准化种植等方面内容,以期为再生稻品种选育、高产栽培和高效生产提供理论依据。
At present,Rice production in China faces the contradiction between high yield and both safety and high efficiency,high yield and both green and high quality,and it is difficult to coordinate and unify.The planting mode transforms to large-scale,mechanized,simplified,standardizing management practices.Ratooning rice can make full use of heat and temperature resources.It has the advantage of increasing production and income,save seed and labor,reduce fertilizer and pesticide,and it can effectively increase multiple cropping index,which has great importance to rice production and food security,and has great strategic significance for storing grain in land and storing grain in technology.This article reviewed the history and current situations of ratooning rice in China,and printed out the main existing problems,including incomplete of breeding system of strong ratooning ability,unstable of yield ratooning rice,and few varieties suitable for mechanized cultivation.The key research fields of ratooning rice which primarily involved the evaluation system and breeding of ratoon rice varieties,axillary bud germination mechanism and yield formation,fertilizer and water management and standardized planting were summarized from the perspectives of the production techniques and physiological genetics.It will lay a theoretical basis for breeding of strong regeneration varieties,high-yielding cultivation and high-efficiency production in ratooning rice.
作者
蔡秋华
林强
朱永生
解振兴
陈丽娟
谢华安
姜照伟
张建福
CAI Qiuhua;LIN Qiang;ZHU Yongsheng;XIE Zhenxing;CHEN Lijuan;XIE Hua'an;JIANG Zhaowei;ZHANG Jianfu(Rice Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350018;Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding of Hybrid Rice for South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Fuzhou Branch,National Rice Improvement Center of China,Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding,Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding,Incubator of National key Laboratory of Fiijian Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Sciences&Technology,China,South China Bases of National Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice for China,National Rice Engineering Laboratory of China,Fuzhou 350003;Youxi Agricultural Technique Extension Station of Fujian Province,Youxi 365100)
出处
《科技促进发展》
2021年第10期1843-1850,共8页
Science & Technology for Development
基金
2016年国家科学技术部国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300508):适宜机械化轻简再生稻品种筛选指标体系构建,负责人:林强
2016年福建省财政财政厅专项-福建省农业科学院创新团队项目(CXTD021001):水稻遗传育种科技创新团队,负责人:张建福
2021年福建省人民政府、中国农业科学院农业高质量发展超越“5511”协同创新工程(XTCXGC2021001):水稻优异种质资源的精准评价和分子设计育种技术的创新与应用,负责人:张建福。
关键词
再生稻
再生力
高产栽培
高效生产
ratooning rice
ratooning ability
high-yield cultivation
high-efficiency production
