摘要
１９８６年至今已１１年,“汕优６３”一直是中国种植面积最大的水稻良种,平均每年约种植４６７万ｈｍ￣２,占全国籼稻区总面积的２２％左右,１９９０年超过６６７万ｈｍ￣２,占当年全国水稻总面积的２７．１％,推广的范围从１００°３６＇～１２０°５６＇Ｅ,从１７°３６＇～３７°４９＇Ｎ。至１９９６年全国已累计种植５２６７万ｈｍ￣２,共增产粮食５８５．４亿ｋｇ左右。四年全国区试结果表明,每公顷产量比对照高１１１２ｋｇ,一般每公顷产７５００～９０００ｋｇ,最高达１３．９ｔ／ｈｍ￣２。汕优６３再生力强,再生稻最高产量达８２３１ｋｇ／ｈｍ￣２（头季稻９９２０ｋｇ／ｈｍ￣２）。还介绍了汕优６３的选育过程、产量结构、光合特性、抗性表现和稻米品质。最后从理论角度总结汕优６３选育的成功经验。
The cultivated area of“shanyou 63”has been kept the first in China since 1986. The average cultivated area was 4. 67 million hm￣2 per year, accounted for 22% of the total area of indica zone in China and more than 6.67 million hm￣2 in 1990.It is almost cultivated all over the indica cultivated zone from17°36'N to 37°49'N and from 100°36'E to 121°56'N. It has been cultivated 5267 million hm￣2 and in-creased about 58.5 billion kg grain from the year 1986 to 1 995. According to the national regional yield trial, it increased 1112 kg grain per hm￣2 comparcd with CK. General grain yield was 7500 kg to 9000 kg and the highest was 13. 9 kg per hm￣2. It has good ratoon ability and the grain yield ol ratconing rice reached 8231 kg per hm￣2. In this article,the author also introduce the breeding course,yield constitu-tim,photosynthesis characteristics, resistant ability and gain quality of Shanyou 63 and sunmarize the successful breeding pratice of Shanyou 63.
关键词
籼稻
杂交水稻
汕优63
再生稻
育种
Indica Rice
Hybrid Rice,Shanyou 63
Retooning Rice
Cultivated Area
Breeding
