摘要
二战后,美国制造业创新结构在创新主体、投入比重、产业分布、创新环节四个方面发生了阶段性变化。本文从大型企业经营模式、创新活动分工、全球市场竞争程度和劳资关系四个方面分析了这些变化产生的原因,并阐述了这些变化对美国制造业的创新模式、技术机会、累积条件、创新扩散等多个方面带来的负面影响。在新一轮科技革命和产业变革重构全球创新版图、重塑全球经济结构的时代,创新发展是我国制造业的唯一出路。应当吸取美国制造业创新结构变化的经验教训,保障本土制造业产业丰富度,保留若干大型一体化企业,鼓励大企业支持基础研究,促进创新资源在新兴产业和传统产业中的合理布局,推动我国制造业形成合理的创新结构。
After World War II,the U.S.manufacturing innovation structure has undergone phase changes in four aspects:innovation subject,investment proportion,industrial distribution,and innovation links.This article analyzes the reasons for these changes from the four aspects of large-scale enterprise business model,division of innovative activities,global market competition and labor-management relations,and expounds the innovation model,technological opportunities,accumulation conditions,and innovation diffusion of these changes to the US manufacturing industry.Negative impact brought by many other aspects.In the era of a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation that reconstruct the global innovation landscape and reshape the global economic structure,innovation and development are the only way out for China’s manufacturing industry.It should learn from the experience and lessons of the changes in the innovation structure of the American manufacturing industry,ensure the richness of the local manufacturing industry,retain a number of large integrated enterprises,encourage large enterprises to support basic research,promote the rational distribution of innovative resources in emerging and traditional industries,and promote the formation of a reasonable innovation structure in China’s manufacturing industry.
出处
《全球化》
2022年第1期98-106,136,共10页
Globalization
