摘要
目的了解和掌握宁夏回族自治区(简称宁夏)70年间传染病流行趋势及疾病谱变迁特征,为适时调整和制定传染病防控策略,保障社会经济高质量发展提供科学依据。方法收集整理宁夏1949-2018年传染病疫情报告数据,采用描述流行病学方法对传染病监测报告数据进行统计分析。结果 1949-2018年宁夏共报告传染病30种2 004 205例,累计报告死亡病例12 202例,平均报告发病率为912.42/10万,平均报告死亡率为7.84/10万。宁夏传染病发病率和死亡率总体呈下降趋势,年均发病率从20世纪50年代的5 359.12/10万下降到20世纪90年代的299.37/10万,近20年基本保持在500.00/10万左右,不同时期疾病谱变化较大,不同时期传染病死亡病种也不尽相同,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=10 130.997,P<0.001)。结论 70年来,宁夏传染病疫情总体呈下降趋势,特别是近20年较为稳定,但随着流行特征和模式的变化,防控形势依然严峻,需要及时调整防控策略,有效预防传染病传播和蔓延。
Objective To understand and grasp the epidemic trend of infectious diseases and the change characteristics of disease spectrum in Ningxia in the past 70 years, so as to provide scientific basis for timely adjustment and formulation of infectious disease prevention and control strategies and guarantee the high-quality development of social economy. Methods The reported data of infectious diseases in Ningxia from 1949 to 2018 was collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results In the 1949-2018 years, a total of 30 cases of infectious diseases was reported in Ningxia, 2 004 205 cases was reported, 12 202 cases was reported, and the average reported incidence rate was 912.42/10 million, with an average mortality rate of 7.84/10 million. The incidence and mortality of infectious diseases decreased in general, and the annual incidence rate dropped from 5 359.12/10 million in 50 s to 299.37/10 million in 90 s. The incidence rate of infectious diseases in recent twenty years was basically around 500.00/10 million. The disease spectrum in different periods changed greatly, and the diseases of infectious diseases was different in different periods.(χ^(2)=10 130.997, P<0.001). Conclusions In the past 70 years, the epidemic situation of infectious diseases in Ningxia showed a downward trend, especially in the past 20 years. However, with the changes of epidemic characteristics and patterns, the situation of prevention and control is still grim. It is necessary to adjust the prevention and control strategies in time to effectively prevent the spread of infectious diseases.
作者
孙伟
张银豪
赵建华
李海军
龚瑞
黎晞
SUN Wei;ZHANG Yin-hao;ZHAO Jian-hua;LI Hai-jun;GONG Rui;LI Xi(Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yinchuan 750004,China)
出处
《中华疾病控制杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期116-120,共5页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention
基金
宁夏重点研发计划(2018YBZD0529)
宁夏卫生计生系统重点研究课题(2018-NW-055)。
关键词
传染病
流行特征
宁夏
Infectious diseases
Epidemic characteristics
Ningxia
