摘要
伴随近年人工智能新技术的迅疾应用扩张,强人工智能机器人的主体地位及其法律治理问题已成为理论和实务共同关注的热点话题。强人工智能机器人认知领域的符号主义理论和联结主义理论均有不同程度的弊病,应对强人工智能机器人的本质进行深入分析,建构结构-行为主义理论。强人工智能机器人之类人意识、行为能力、权利能力、义务能力与责任能力的存在决定了其必然具有独立的法律主体地位。强人工智能机器人的法律治理应基于结构-行为主义理论,进行“载体-数据-算法”的三分之治,对其物质载体的治理应从“事前-事后”两个维度展开;对其数据的治理应遵循谦抑性原则;对其算法的治理则应从事前审核备案机制和事后司法审查程序两个层面展开。
In recent years,with the rapid application and expansion of new artificial intelligence technologies,the dominant position of strong artificial intelligence robots and their legal governance issues have become a hot topic of common concern in theory and practice.Both the symbolism theory and the connectionism theory in the field of strong artificial intelligence robot cognition have different degrees of deficiencies.In-depth analysis of the essence of strong artificial intelligence robots should be carried out to construct a“structure-behaviorism”theory.The existence of human consciousness,behavior ability,power ability,voluntary capacity and responsibility ability such as strong artificial intelligence robot determines that it must have an independent legal subject status.The legal governance of strong artificial intelligence robots should be based on the theory of“structure-behaviorism”to carry out the“carrier-data-algorithm”rule of thirds,and the governance of its material carrier should be carried out from the two dimensions of“before-after”.The governance of its data should follow the principle of humility and restraint.The governance of its algorithms should be carried out at two levels:the pre-review filing mechanism and the post-mortem judicial review process.
作者
张新平
章峥
Zhang Xinping;Zhang Zheng(School of Law,Central South University,Changsha 410000,China;Legal Development and Judicial Reform Research Center,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430073,China)
出处
《中国科技论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第1期161-171,共11页
Forum on Science and Technology in China
基金
湖南省社会科学成果评审委员会课题“公众参与社会治理的法治理论与实践研究”(XSP20YBZ108)
中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2021M691197)
最高人民检察院理论研究课题“网络黑产链的惩治与预防研究”(GJ2019D22)。
关键词
强人工智能机器人
主体地位
法律治理
主体
Strong artificial intelligence robot
Legal status
Legal governance
Subject
