摘要
针对当前灌溉设备控制系统智能化水平低等问题,设计了一种基于ARM嵌入式系统和电力线载波的智能灌溉控制系统。该系统由5个模块组成:数据处理控制模块、数据通讯模块、数据采集模块、控制驱动模块和人机交互模块。数据处理控制模块的中央处理器采用基于ARM Cortex-M3架构的32位微处理器STM32F103CBT6。数据通讯模块的电力线载波采用总线主站控制器PB620芯片搭建。软件采用实时操作系统μC/OS-II,内核版本V2.91。基于土壤实时墒情数据、短期气象预报等多源数据,构建土壤水分盈亏量预测模型和灌溉量估算模型,分别用于估算土壤墒情和作物适宜灌溉量。结果表明,该系统实现了土壤墒情监测、灌溉量智能计算和自动轮灌等功能。电力线载波实现了土壤墒情传感器、电磁阀供电和通讯功能,并节省了通信电缆。网络通信丢包率均值为0.09%,电力线载波误码率小于0.01%,电磁阀响应时间均值为0.497 s。在籽粒产量不降低情况下,模型生成方案比传统灌溉方案节水31.37%。相比设置灌溉上下限参数的自动化灌溉控制系统,该系统具有设备操作简单,安装成本低,运行可靠稳定,灌溉量自动估算和调节等特点,有效提高了大田灌溉效率和用水效率,具有良好的应用前景。
In order to improve the level of automation and intelligence of irrigation systems,an intelligent irrigation control system(IICS)based on the embedded system of ARM and the power line carrier was designed.IICS consisted of five modules:data processing and control module;data communication module;data acquisition module;control driver module;human-computer interaction module.The CPU module adopted a 32-bit microprocessor STM32F103CBT6 based on ARM Cortex-M3 architecture.The communication module of the power line carrier adopted a bus master station controller,PB620 chip.In addition,the software of IICS adopted the real-time operating system,μC/OS-II,with kernel version V2.91.Both the prediction model of soil water shortage and the estimation model of irrigation amount were constructed based on the real-time soil moisture data and short-term weather forecasts.The result showed that the system has realized the functions of soil moisture monitoring,intelligent calculation of irrigation amount and automatic rotation irrigation.The power line carrier realized the power supply and communication functions of soil moisture sensor and solenoid valve,and saved the communication cable.The average packet loss rate of network communication was 0.09%,the bit error rate of the power line carrier was less than 0.01%,and the average response time of the solenoid valve was 0.497 s.Compared with the experience-based irrigation scheme,the model-generated irrigation scheme saved water by 31.37%under the same grain yield level.The system has the characteristics of simple operation,low installation cost,reliable and stable operation,automatic estimation and adjustment of irrigation amount,which can effectively improve the irrigation efficiency and water efficiency,and has a good application prospect.
作者
李国强
王猛
张杰
周蕊
张建涛
郑国清
LI Guo-qiang;WANG Meng;ZHANG Jie;ZHOU Rui;ZHANG Jian-tao;ZHENG Guo-qing(Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450008,China;Henan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Intelligent Agriculture,Zhengzhou 450008,China;Information Center of Agricultural Science and Technology,Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chongqing 401329,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2021年第12期61-64,69,共5页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
农业农村部农业信息服务技术重点实验室开放基金(CAAS-AIINYXXJSFW 2017-001)
河南省科技厅省重大科技专项(171100110600)
河南省农科院农经信息所科研助理专项(njxxsjj201903)。
关键词
灌溉控制系统
智能灌溉
灌溉策略
物联网
电力线载波
ARM嵌入式系统
irrigation control system
intelligent irrigation
irrigation strategy
Internet of things
power carrier
ARM embedded system
