摘要
【目的】明确全球变化背景下我国外来动物物种的发生规律,进一步掌握我国生物入侵现状及发生动态。【方法】利用公开数据库等系统收集和整理我国外来动物的物种组成、可利用性、原产地及国内分布地等信息。【结果】截至2020年,我国已有外来动物844种,隶属8门22纲87目291科591属,脊索动物门、节肢动物门、软体动物门是我国外来动物物种组成数量最多的3大类群。我国外来动物中,有益物种的数量多于有害物种的数量,还有少部分中性物种。不同分类阶元外来动物的可利用性不同,脊索动物门中有益物种的数量更多,节肢动物门中有害物种的数量更多。我国外来动物主要来源于亚洲、北美洲、欧洲,外来动物的国内分布与区域经济发展水平及对外交流程度相关,东南沿海地区数量多,西北内陆地区数量少,与他国相邻的广西和云南也有数量较多的外来动物。2010-2020年间记录的典型外来动物也符合此分布模式。【结论】我国外来动物数量众多,组成多样,表现出不同的可利用性,其来源及分布表现出明显的空间格局,在全球变化背景下,应警惕外来物种的跨境入侵风险。
【Aim】Considering the impact of global change,it is important to examine the occurrence of non-native animals to gain a deeper understanding of the current status of biological invasion in China.【Method】Based on public databases and other documents,we collected and analyzed detailed information,including taxonomy,utility,origin regions,and distribution areas of non-native animals in China.【Result】A total of 844 non-native animals were identified in China up to 2020,belonging to 8 phyla,22 classes,87 orders,291 families,and 591 genera,of which Chordata,Arthropoda,and Mollusca were the three largest groups.Among all non-native animals,the number of"beneficial"non-native animals was larger than"harmful"non-native animals,with some non-native animals of"neutral"influence.The utility of non-native animals differed among different taxonomies,and most chordates were beneficial,whereas most arthropods were harmful.The non-native animals of China mainly originated in Asia,North America,and Europe.The domestic spatial distribution of non-native animals was related to regional economic development and inter-region movement.More non-native animals were found in the southeast coastal areas than in the northwest inland areas.In addition,Guangxi and Yunnan played an important role in sharing species because they bordered multiple countries.Typical non-native animals recorded between 2010-2020 also accorded with the distribution pattern.【Conclusion】The non-native animals of China are diverse and have various uses as well as significant spatial patterns in the origin and distribution regions.Therefore,vigilance against the cross-border risk of non-native species should be enhanced considering global environmental changes.
作者
彭硕
李志红
赵紫华
PENG Shuo;LI Zhihong;ZHAO Zihua(College of Plant Protection,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University,Sanya,Hainan 572025,China)
出处
《生物安全学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期275-281,共7页
Journal of biosafety
基金
三亚崖州湾科技城管理局资助(SYND-2021-29)
三亚中国农业大学研究院引导资金项目(SYND-2021-29)。
关键词
生物入侵
外来动物
组成结构
分布格局
跨境风险
biological invasion
non-native animals
species composition
distribution pattern
cross-border risk
