摘要
疲劳是人体的一种主观感觉,其症状往往是非特异性的,它具有不确定性和抽象性。疲劳驾驶时,人在生理、心理和行为上都会出现一些与其疲劳程度密切相关的特有表现,是导致严重道路交通事故的重要原因之一。本文主要综述了驾驶疲劳与疲劳驾驶、疲劳驾驶人的生理心理和行为特性、疲劳驾驶相关交通事故的主要特点以及驾驶人身心状态和车内外因素对驾驶疲劳的影响。介绍了疲劳驾驶的两类评估方法:主观问卷法和客观监测法,后者包括监测驾驶人生理特征的方法、监测驾驶人行为及面部特征的方法、监测车辆行为特征的方法和多特征信息整合的方法。认为疲劳驾驶的研究应重点加强:(1)逐步建立科学、可靠、准确量化的疲劳驾驶评价体系;(2)制定规范的疲劳驾驶定义及其检测标准;(3)加强疲劳驾驶的机制基础、预警和控制研究;(4)加强采用大数据和人工智能,将多特征信息进行融合的评估新理论技术的研究。
Fatigue is a subjective feeling of the human body, its symptoms are often non-specific.It is uncertain and abstract.Drivers in fatigue state will have some specific manifestations that are closely related to their fatigue degree in physiology,psychology and behavior. Importantly, fatigue has become one of the important reasons for serious road traffic accidents.This article mainly reviewed driving fatigue and fatigue driving, the physiological, psychological and behavioral characteristics of fatigue drivers, the main characteristics of traffic accidents related to fatigue driving, and the influence of drivers’ physical and mental state and factors inside and outside the vehicle on fatigue driving. Two evalution methods of fatigue driving were introduced: subjective questionnaire method and objective monitoring method. The objective monitoring method included methods of monitoring driver’s physiological characteristics, methods for monitoring driver behavior and facial features, methods for monitoring vehicle behavior, and methods of integrating multi-feature information. It is suggested that the study of fatigue driving should focus on(1) gradually establish a scientific, reliable, and accurately quantitative fatigue driving evaluation system;(2) formulate a standard definition of fatigue driving and its detection standards;(3) strengthen fatigue driving research on the mechanism basis and early warning and control measures;(4) strengthen the research of new theory and new technology of big data and artificial intelligence to integrate multi-feature information.
作者
周继红
杨傲
袁丹凤
向洪义
ZHOU Ji-hong;YANG Ao;YUAN Dan-feng;XIANG Hong-yi(Military Traffic Injury Prevention and Control Laboratary,Special Medical Center of Army Medical University,Chongqing 400038,China)
出处
《伤害医学（电子版）》
2021年第3期45-50,共6页
Injury Medicine(Electronic Edition)
基金
重庆院士创新项目(cstc2019yszx-jscxX0002)。
关键词
疲劳驾驶
道路交通安全
疲劳
评估
监测
fatigue driving
road traffic safety
fatigue
evaluation
monitoring
