摘要
为了监控河北省本地饲料质量,评估泌乳牛TMR营养状况,为奶牛生产和科学研究提供理论依据,2020年5~8月,对河北省参加奶牛生产性能测定(DHI)的210个规模奶牛场泌乳牛的TMR进行采样,并将样品冷藏送到饲料检测室,通过近红外技术准确、快速测定其干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、淀粉等营养指标,最终对检测结果进行分析,并初步建立了河北省泌乳奶牛TMR数据库。通过对检测结果分析显示,参测牛场制作的泌乳牛TMR基本能够满足奶牛基本营养需要,但也存在一些问题,即饲料品种单一、优质粗饲料较缺乏,夏季高产、中产牛TMR的NEL和不同泌乳水平TMR的钙含量偏低。笔者认为随着TMR技术的不断发展与推进这些问题都会被解决,奶牛的TMR将会更加科学、更加符合实际生产需求,奶牛场能够真正做到精细化、精准化饲喂。
In order to monitor the quality of local fodders in Hebei Province,to evaluate the nutritional status of TMR of lactating dairy cows,and to provide theoretical basis for dairy production and scientific research,TMR samples were selected from 210 dairy farms that are participate in Dairy Herd Improvement(DHI)in Hebei province from May to August 2020.The samples were refrigerated and transported to measure through the use of near infrared technology,that could accurate and quick test nutritional indexes,such as dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP)and crude fat(EE),neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),starch and so on.TMR of lactation dairy cows in Hebei province had been established database,through analyzing the test results showed that the nutrition of TMR that made by dairy farms could satisfy the cows basic nutritional need in all scales,but there were also some problems:the dairy forages were single,lacked of high-quality roughage,generally;the NEL of TMR that were feed to high yield and middle yield dairy cows in summer were lower than other yields;the content of TMR calcium were also low in different levels of lactation dairy diet.
作者
李春芳
赵利梅
张敏
刘晓豪
王栓柱
蒋桂娥
马亚宾
倪俊卿
LI Chun-fang;ZHAO Li-mei;ZHANG Min;LIU Xiao-hao;WANG Shuan-zhu;JIANG Gui-e;MA Ya-bin;NI Jun-qing(Hebei Provincial Animal Husbandry Association,Shijiazhuang 050000;The Hebei Provincial Station for Livestock Varieties Producing and Spreading,Shijiazhuang 050061)
出处
《中国奶牛》
2021年第9期14-19,共6页
China Dairy Cattle
基金
河北省现代农业产业技术体系奶牛产业首席专家(HBCT2018120101)
奶牛低碳健康养殖精准饲喂技术研究与示范(201500068A)。
关键词
泌乳
奶牛
TMR
干物质
能量
Lactating
Dairy cows
TMR
Dry matter
Energy
