摘要
鉴于目前我国奶牛饲养逐步从粗放饲养向精细饲养转型过程中对奶牛日粮配方设计的技术需求,文章以NRC(2001)发布的《奶牛营养需要量》为基础,并结合2001年后有关奶牛营养需要量新的研究进展和饲养奶牛积累的经验,主要就泌乳奶牛和干奶牛对干物质采食量、能量需要量、碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质和氨基酸、矿物质和维生素需要量等进行了数量化的描述,并总结了设计配方时日粮养分指标理论上的规格,也包含一些对关键养分的评定与计算方法,以及目前还尚未理清的最佳的营养需要量指标等。总之,本文为计算奶牛综合的、动态的营养需要量及设计奶牛日粮配方主要的问题提供了便捷的和定量的参考指南。
Given some technical requirements on diet formula design of lactating cattle which are fed from coarse feeding transfer to precision raising gradually,this paper summarizes those main nutrient requirements such as dry matter intake,energy,carbohydrate,fat,protein,amino acid,mineral and vitamin etc.,which were quantified by digital description,as well as the diet nutrient practical controlled specifications during optimizing diet formulation,some methods used in assessing and calculating,and those not confirmed indexes for their requirements,based on the NRC（2001） ＂nutrient requirements of dairy cattle＂ and combining new research advances and accumulated experiences of raising dairy cattle after 2001.In summary,this paper supplies a set of convenient and quantitative reference guideline for comprehensive and dynamic calculation of nutrient requirements of dairy cattle and helps in the diet formulation design and optimization.
出处
《饲料工业》
北大核心
2011年第11期41-46,共6页
Feed Industry
关键词
泌乳奶牛
干奶牛
营养需要量
日粮
配方
lactating cows
dry cows
nutrient requirements
diets
formulating
