摘要
如何保障经济增长和气候治理目标同时实现,是中国目前面临的迫切难题,亟需进行气候变化政策方面的顶层设计。碳定价是气候变化政策的核心议题,其关键在于通过碳排放造成的负外部性进行显性定价,激励排放主体将碳减排纳入到生产与消费决策中。中国正在筹建全国碳排放权交易市场,以作为气候变化政策中碳定价的重要组成部分。作为政策试点,“五省两市”的碳交易市场已经运行多年,碳减排效应也备受关注。本文基于“五省两市”试点地区和其他非试点地区1997—2017年的面板数据,使用合成控制法(SCM)实证分析了中国碳交易试点市场对试点地区碳减排的影响。研究发现,中国碳交易试点政策起到了较为显著的碳减排效果,尤其是湖北、广东和重庆;排序检验和基于SCM的双重差分估计也都表明政策评估结果非常稳健。基于此,中国应积极推动碳交易市场发展,加快建立全国统一的碳交易市场,充分发挥市场机制在应对碳排放问题中的积极作用。
It is an urgent need for China to achieve economic growth and address climate change simultaneously.This requires policy makers to make informed policies.Carbon pricing is of particular importance for such policies,the crux of which is to explicitly set the price for negative externalities caused by carbon emissions thereby encouraging emitters to incorporate carbon emissions into operational decisions.China is preparing to establish a nationwide carbon trading market that is a key part of carbon pricing in climate-related policies.As pilots,the regional markets for carbon trading have been established in several provinces/cities.However,the precise role of carbon trading markets on mitigation is still unclear.Based on panel data in the pilot regions and other non-pilot regions in China over 1997-2017,we use synthetic control method(SCM)to explore the mitigating impacts of China’s carbon trading pilots.We found that the carbon trading pilots have achieved significant effects on decreasing carbon emissions,especially in Hubei,Guangdong and Chongqing.The ranking test and difference-in-difference estimates also show that the results are quite robust.We thus suggest China accelerate establishing carbon trading market,especially at the nationwide scale.It is anticipated to be helpful in enlarging the role of market-oriented policies in carbon mitigation.
作者
杨秀汪
李江龙
郭小叶
YANG Xiuwang;LI Jianglong;GUO Xiaoye(School of Economics and Finance,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710061,China;School of Economics and Management,Xi’an University of Arts and Science,Xi’an 710065,China)
出处
《西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第3期93-104,122,共13页
Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University：Social Sciences
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(17CJY071)。
关键词
碳交易
碳定价
碳减排效应
环境政策
政策评估
合成控制法
carbon trading
carbon pricing
carbon mitigation
environmental policy
policy evaluation
synthetic control method
