摘要
目的明确院内感染常见细菌的分布情况,为临床科室防控细菌感染、合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法回顾性分析某三甲医院2015—2019年各临床科室住院患者培养标本分离的医院常见细菌菌株,包括来源标本和药敏变化情况。结果5年间共检出大肠埃希菌4924株,肺炎克雷伯菌2762株,金黄色葡萄球菌1297株,铜绿假单胞菌967株,鲍曼不动杆菌1585株,标本来源主要为痰。大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林耐药率高达88%,对头孢曲松耐药率最高达58.22%,肺炎克雷伯菌对氨苄西林耐药率高于97%,金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素G的耐药率高达93%以上,对红霉素、克林霉素耐药率超过60%和70%。铜绿假单胞菌对氨苄西林耐药率较高,对其余类型抗菌药物耐药水平较低,鲍曼不动杆菌对常见抗菌药物均呈较高耐药水平。结论大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌在院内感染发生率较高,铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌多重耐药严重,临床科室应加强监测病原菌药敏变化,针对性的管理和使用抗菌药物。
Objective To determine the distribution of common bacteria in hospital infections and to provide a basis for the prevention and control of bacterial infection and for rational use of antibiotics in clinical departments.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on common bacterial strains isolated from inpatients of a Grade III class A hospital from 2015 to 2019,including sample source and drug sensitivity changes.Results A total of 4924 strains of Escherichia coli,2762 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae,1297 strains of Staphylococcus aureus,967 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and 1585 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii were detected during the past 5 years.The bacteria were detected mainly from sputum.The resistance rate of Escherichia coli to ampicillin was as high as 88%,and the resistance rate to ceftriaxone was 58.22%.The resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae to ampicillin was higher than 97%.The resistance rate of Staphylococcus aureus to penicillin G reached 93%,and the resistance rates to erythromycin and clindamycin were 60%and 70%,respectively.Pseudomonas aeruginosa had a high resistance rate to ampicillin,but a low resistance rate to other types of antibiotics.Acinetobacter baumannii had a high resistance to common antibacterial drugs.Conclusion Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae had a high incidence of nosocomial infections.Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii both showed serious multi-drug resistance.Clinical departments should strengthen the monitoring of drug sensitivity changes of pathogenic bacteria,and manage and use antibiotics purposefully.
作者
徐小东
李军
XYU Xiaodong;LI Jun(School of Public Health,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550025,China;Department of Infection Management,First People′s Hospital of Bijie City,Bijie,Guizhou 551700,China)
出处
《公共卫生与预防医学》
2021年第2期47-50,共4页
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
基金
贵州省科技计划项目([2018]1134)。
关键词
细菌分布
耐药性
院感防控
合理使用抗生素
Bacterial distribution
Drug resistance
Nosocomial infections
Rational use of antibiotics
