摘要
《关税与贸易总协定》(GATT)第21条(即安全例外条款)是GATT中的义务豁免条款,该条款允许各成员为维护国家基本安全利益而免于承担其在GATT中的义务,但是该条款的模糊性导致在具体实践中产生许多争议。虽然自GATT实施以来有多个案件涉及安全例外条款的适用,但是直到2019年专家组对"俄罗斯——过境运输措施案"(DS512)做出裁决,才首次出现WTO争端解决机构对GATT第21条的法律解读。该案确立了WTO争端解决机构对GATT第21条的管辖权,对"基本安全利益"的范围做出了清晰界定,并进一步明确了WTO法律体系下GATT第21条的适用。我国应进一步提升对这一条款的认识,积极采取措施以维护我国合法利益。
Article XXI(the security exception clause)of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade(GATT)is known as an exemption clause that allows members to waive their obligations under GATT for reasons of essential security interest.However,the ambiguity of this clause leads to a lot of disputes in practice.Although there have been a number of cases involving the application of security exception clause since the GATT came into effect,the case of"Russia-Measures Concerning Traffic in Transit"(DS512)in 2019 is the first time that the WTO panel has interpreted article XXI of GATT.The case established the jurisdiction of WTO over such cases,clearly defined the scope of"essential security interests",and further clarified the application of GATT article XXI under the WTO legal system.China should further enhance the understanding of this article and actively take sustainable strategies in light to protect our legitimate interests.
作者
冯从
陈希沧
史晓丽
FENG Cong;CHEN Xicang;SHI Xiaoli(China University of Political Science and Law)
出处
《国际贸易》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第1期83-89,共7页
Intertrade
基金
国家社科基金年度一般项目“区块链技术下的跨境商业交易监管问题研究”(20BFX204)的阶段性研究成果。
