摘要
有效治理的关键在于政策顺利落实,政策执行本质上是通过执行主体整合而达到政策落地。以往学界更多关注政策执行偏差问题,对政策成功执行的探讨较少,本文基于对华北D镇散煤回收工作的案例分析,揭示基层政策执行的多重机制。基层政策执行主要涉及乡镇干部、村干部和村民三重主体,乡镇干部扮演政策推动者和监控者角色,遵循任务导向逻辑;村干部担当政策落实者角色,遵循任务导向和"不出事"的逻辑;村民作为执行对象,遵循效益最大化原则。不同层级执行主体对政策认知虽有差异,但通过垂直向下的层级动员机制,乡镇干部动员村干部,村干部动员村民,将主体统合到政策执行过程之中。除依靠正式的结构支配、利益激励动员外,执行者还将政策嵌入基层常规性关系网络中进行关系动员,亦即建构"结构-利益-关系之网",政策相关主体嵌入其中并受到网络的制约,最终实现主体整合和政策目标。
The key to effective governance lies in implementing policies successfully.Policy implementation is the integration process of related subjects.At present,the academia focuses on the deviation of policy implementation,and pays less attention to the effective implementation of policy.Based on the bulk coal recovery work of D town in North China,this paper analyzes the multiple mechanisms of policy implementation.The implementation of grassroots policies mainly involves three main bodies:township cadres,village cadres and villagers.Township cadres play the role of policy promoter and monitor,following the task-oriented logic;village cadres play the role of policy implementer,following the task-oriented and no accident logic;villagers as the implementation object,following the principle of maximizing benefits.In order to integrate the main body of policy cognitive differences,township cadres mobilize village cadres,village cadres mobilize villagers.In addition to relying on formal structure control and interest incentive,the implementer also embed the policy into the regular relationship network at the grass-roots level for relationship mobilization.The core of policy implementation is to build a "structure benefit relationship network",in which policy related subjects are embedded and restricted by the network.Finally,achieve the integration of the main body and achieve the policy objectives.
作者
张建明
黄政
ZHANG Jian-ming;HUANG Zheng
出处
《社会学评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期136-156,共21页
Sociological Review of China
基金
中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目(21XNH142)。
关键词
政策执行
散煤回收
结构—利益—关系之网
Policy Implementation
Bulk Coal Recovery
Structure-Benefit-Relationship-Network
