摘要
教育作为人力资本的重要构成,对经济增长发挥着重要的作用。与大量基于个人层面和宏观层面估算教育贡献的研究不同,本文基于“中国企业—员工匹配调查”数据,并结合全国经济普查规模以上工业企业数据,从企业微观层面探究了教育对于企业产出的贡献,以及教育对产出的作用机制。研究发现,在控制了教育因素后,资本对产出的贡献有所降低,劳动的贡献有所提高,而教育的贡献随时间推进其作用越加显现。对于不同受教育程度,中专以下劳动力和大专及以上劳动力的贡献呈现明显的分化趋势。就进一步拉动企业产出的潜力而言,在高等教育已得到快速发展的情况下,全面关注提升中等教育程度与产业发展需求的匹配在当前尤为值得尝试和探索。
As a major component of human capital,education plays an important role in economic growth.Different from previous studies that estimated the contribution of education from the individual level or the macro level,this paper explores the mechanism of employee's education level to enterprise output from the enterprise level and estimates the effect of education on improving the output.Using the China Employer-Employee Survey data and the national economic census data of 2004,the paper finds that after taking the educational factors into consideration,the contribution of capital in the production function is reduced,and the overall contribution of labor is improved,also the contribution of education is increasingly significant in recent years.For different education levels,the labor force below technical secondary school and the labor force above college differs significantly in their contributions to output.In order to stimulate the output potential of enterprises,it is particularly worthwhile to comprehensively improve the matching degree between secondary education and the demand of industrial economic development,given the rapid development of higher education.
作者
曲玥
Qu Yue(Institute of Population and Labor Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences;Center for Human Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)
出处
《劳动经济研究》
CSSCI
2020年第5期96-116,共21页
Studies in Labor Economics
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“全面提升劳动力素质解决就业结构性矛盾问题研究”(批准号:19BJY054)对本文研究的资助。
关键词
教育
人力资本
生产函数
经济增长
education
human capital
production function
economic growth
