摘要
通过田间小区试验,研究磷肥不同基追比例对滴灌玉米养分吸收和产量的影响,为滴灌玉米高效施磷提供技术依据。磷肥用量各处理相同,设5个处理[Pb100:磷肥100%用作基肥;Pb50:磷肥50%用作基肥,50%用作追肥;Pb25:磷肥25%用作基肥,75%用作追肥;Pb0:磷肥100%用作追肥;不施磷肥(P0)为对照]。等施磷量条件下,磷肥不同基追比例对滴灌玉米的养分吸收、产量和磷肥利用率影响不同,以磷肥25%用作基肥、75%用作追肥处理效果最佳,玉米生育中后期磷素吸收量均高于其他4个处理,较全部基施产量提高18.05%,磷肥利用率为23.90%。滴灌玉米氮素和磷素的吸收主要集中在生育中后期(吐丝至灌浆期),且在吐丝期和灌浆期玉米对磷素和氮素的吸收均表现出极显著的正相关关系(R2>0.92),说明加大后期施磷比例有利于促进玉米对氮素的吸收。滴灌条件下,新疆北疆磷肥25%用作基肥、75%用作追肥处理较为适合本地区施磷方式。
The effect of different base-topdressing ratios of phosphate fertilizer on nutrient absorption and yield of drip irrigation corn was studied through field experiments,to provide an experimental basis for efficient phosphorus application of drip irrigation maize.The experiment consists of 5 treatments.P0(no phosphate fertilizer),Pb100(base:topdressing at 1:0),Pb50(base:topdressing at 1:1),Pb25(base:topdressing at 1:3),Pb0(base:topdressing at 0:1).Under the same phosphorus application,base-topdressing ratios of phosphate fertilizer have different effects on P uptake amount,yield and phosphate recovery rate of drip-irrigated maize.P applied with 25%base fertilizer and 75%topdressing performance best at P recovery rate and corn grain yield.P absorption in the middle and late growth stages of maize was higher than the other four treatments.Yield increased by 18.05%,and phosphate recovery rate was 23.90%.The research found that the N and P uptake peak were at middle and late stages of maize growth(spinning to filling stage).And the absorption of phosphorus and nitrogen by maize showed significant positive correlation during silking and filling stages.It showed that increasing the proportion of P applied in the later stage is conducive to driving N absorption by maize.Under the condition of drip irrigation,25%phosphate base and 75%topdressing are the best P application strategies,it guarantees the P supply of maize during the various growth periods,promote the growth of maize and the formation of yield.
作者
张皓禹
孟超然
张凤麟
刘地
危常州
ZHANG Hao-yu;MENG Chao-ran;ZHANG Feng-lin;LIU Di;WEI Chang-zhou(Shengli College,China University of Petroleum,Dongying 257061;Agronomy College,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China)
出处
《玉米科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期138-145,共8页
Journal of Maize Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201808)。
关键词
玉米
滴灌
磷肥
基追比例
产量
磷肥利用率
Maize
Drip-irrigated
Phosphate fertilizer
Base-topdressing ratio
Yield
Phosphorus utilization ratio
