摘要
射流电沉积技术是近年来新出现的一种选择性电沉积技术,其具有沉积速度快、沉积精度高和成本低等优点,可解决传统电沉积沉积效率低、沉积质量差等问题,并在快速高效制备高性能镀层上得到了广泛应用。然而,在利用射流电沉积技术追求更高性能和更大厚度的沉积层时,其局限性也逐渐显现,主要体现在沉积厚度不均匀和无法抑制并消除沉积过程中镀层中产生的突起、结瘤、氢气气泡等缺陷,以及在复合电沉积时无法解决复合颗粒团聚的问题,而这也严重限制了射流电沉积技术的实际应用。为消除射流电沉积技术的局限性,研究发现,引入磁场、超声或摩擦外力辅助后可有效优化沉积质量,大大减少镀层中缺陷的数量,显著改善复合颗粒的团聚现象,有助于制备出平均晶粒尺寸更小、表面更加平整均匀以及硬度、耐磨性和耐腐蚀性等性能更加良好的镀层,但同时也发现,不合适的磁感应强度、超声功率和模式、摩擦力等参数反而会造成镀层表面质量和性能的下降。与此同时,相关学者在已成功利用外力辅助射流电沉积制备高质量、高性能镀层的基础上,着重研究了辅助外力参数对镀层表面质量和性能的影响机制,在充分发挥外力辅助作用的同时进一步追求镀层的制备效率,并取得了丰硕的成果。由此,本文归纳了磁场、超声、摩擦三种外力辅助射流电沉积制备镀层的研究现状,并对三种外力的作用原理和机制进行了详细探讨,指出了三种外力辅助的适用对象、当前存在的问题和发展趋势,为制备性能更优的镀层,甚至微纳增材制造和快速成型提供了参考依据。
Jet electrodeposition is a new selective electrodeposition technique developed in recent years,which has the advantages of fast deposition speed,high deposition accuracy and low cost,and can solve the problems of low deposition efficiency and poor deposition quality of traditional electrodeposition,and has been widely used in the rapid and efficient preparation of high-performance coatings.However,the limitations of the application of jet electrodeposition in the pursuit of higher performance and larger thickness of the sedimentary obvious,which are mainly reflected in the uneven deposition thickness and unable to suppress and elimate protuberant,nodules,hydrogen bubble defects during deposition,and can not solve the problem of composite particles together,and they seriously restrict the practial application of the jet electrodeposition technique.To eliminate the limitation of the jet electrodeposition technique,the study found that the introduction of magnetic field,ultrasonic or friction auxiliary force can effectively optimize the deposit quality,greatly reduce the amount of coating defects,significantly improve the composite particle reunion phenomenon,and help to prepare coatings with smaller grains,smoother surface,better hardness,better wear resistance and better corrosion resistance.Besides,they found that the uncomfortable magnetic induction intensity,ultrasonic power and mode,friction and other parameters will cause the coatings surface quality and performance decline.At the same time,on the basis of sucessfully using extermal force assisted jet electrodeposition to prepare high quality and high performance coatings,relevant scholars also focused on studying the influence mechanism of external force parameters on the surface quality and performance of coatings,in order to give full play to the auxiliary effect of external forces and further pursue the efficiency of coating preparation,and have achieved fruitful results.Thus,this review summarizes the research status of preparing coatings by magnetic field,ultrasonic or friction force assisted jet electrodeposition.Besides,the action principle of three kinds of external force and mechanism is discussed in detail,and points out the applicable objects,the existing problems and development trend of three kinds of auxiliary force,which provides the reference for preparing coatings with better performance even micro-nano additive manufacturing and rapid prototyping technology.
作者
王旭
牛宗伟
王晓明
赵阳
韩国峰
常青
付华
滕涛
赵菲菲
WANG Xu;NIU Zongwei;WANG Xiaoming;ZHAO Yang;HAN Guofeng;CHANG Qing;FU Hua;TENG Tao;ZHAO Feifei(College of Mechanical Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255049,China;Key Laboratory of National Defense Technology for Equipment Remanufacturing Technology,Army Armored Forces Academy,Beijing 100072,China;Unit 75180 of the People’s Liberation Army of China,Guilin 541005,China;Unit 32381 of the People’s Liberation Army of China,Beijing 100072,China;Department of Electronic Engineering,Army Academy of Border and Coastal Defence,Xi’an 710108,China)
出处
《材料导报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期5107-5121,共15页
Materials Reports
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1105800)
东北大学航空动力装备振动及控制教育部重点实验室研究基金(VCAME201706)。
关键词
磁场
超声
摩擦
射流电沉积
表面形貌
magnetic field
ultrasonic
friction
jet electrodeposition
surface morphology
